Effect of shorter pulse duration in cochlear neural activation with an 810-nm near-infrared laser

Wang, Jingxuan; Lan, Tian; Lu, Jianren; Xia, Mengna; Wei, Ying

doi:10.1007/s10103-016-2129-y

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Previous reports showed that PBM is able to influence the intracellular calcium levels , consistent with the fundamental role of this ion in nociception . We assessed calcium flow in DRG neurons after PBM following cell exposure to capsaicin, as a physiological stimulus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Analgesic effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy: An in vitro and in vivo study

Zupin

Ottaviani

Rupel

et al. 2019

Journal of Biophotonics

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Laser therapy, also known as Photobiomodulation (PBM) is indicated to reduce pain associated with different pathologies and applied using protocols that vary in wavelength, irradiance and fluence. Its mechanisms of action are still unclear and possibly able to directly impact on pain transmission, reducing nociceptor response. In our study, we examined the effect of two specific laser wavelengths, 800 and 970 nm, extensively applied in the clinical context and known to exert important analgesic effects. Our results point to mitochondria as the primary target of laser light in isolated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, reducing adenosine triphosphate content and increasing reactive oxygen species levels. Specifically, the 800 nm laser wavelength induced mitochondrial dysregulation, that is, increased superoxide generation and mitochondrial membrane potential. When DRG neurons were firstly illuminated by the different laser protocols and then stimulated with the natural transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) ligand capsaicin, only the 970 nm wavelength reduced the calcium response, in both amplitude and frequency. Consistent results were obtained in vivo in mice, by subcutaneous injection of capsaicin. Our findings demonstrate that the effect of PBM depends on the wavelength used, with 800 nm light mainly acting on mitochondrial metabolism and 970 nm light on nociceptive signal transmission.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Analgesic effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy: An in vitro and in vivo study

Zupin

Ottaviani

Rupel

et al. 2019

Journal of Biophotonics

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“…Short pulses of infrared light delivered from a focused source (i.e., laser) can be used to activate target neural tissue [97]. The applicability of this idea to cochlear and retinal implants is being actively investigated, with promising initial results from in vitro and in vivo experiments in animal models [98][99][100]. Optogenetics is another alternative, involving transgenic manipulations to introduce photosensitive ion channels (e.g., channelrhodopsin-2, ChR2) into neurons so that their activation can be directly controlled by specific light stimulation [101].…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing artificial senses: steps from physiology to clinical implementation

et al. 2019

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Our senses are the main information channels through which we perceive and interact with the world. Consequently, the physical and social functioning of patients suffering from severe sensory disabilities is limited on several levels. This has motivated the development of a novel therapeutic alternative: "artificial senses", more commonly known as sensory neuroprostheses.In order to restore lost function, sensory neuroprostheses attempt to take advantage of the information transfer pathway common to all senses: (i) transduction of the physical stimulus by sensory receptors, (ii) transmission of relevant information to primary sensory areas in the brain by sensory afferents, and (iii) analysis and integration of the information at multiple levels in the central nervous system. Neurosensory deficits might occur upon damage to any of the structures involved in this process. However, damage to the peripheral sensory receptor is often the cause of neurosensory loss. Most sensory neuroprostheses attempt to "replace" the malfunctioning or missing peripheral sensory organ by directly delivering basic sensory information to the brain using electrical currents. If the prosthesis is able to deliver enough consistent information, the brain will be able to correctly interpret it and useful rehabilitation can be achieved. This review presents the main challenges related to the development, implementation and translation to clinical practice of these devices: (i) sensory information needs to be efficiently delivered to specific neural targets (e.g., peripheral afferents or specific central nuclei); (ii) then the expected physiological response must be evoked and quantified; (iii) the restoration of basic sensory abilities can lead to useful rehabilitation in meaningful everyday activities; (iv) optimal prospects require specific rehabilitation therapy and lifelong medico-technical follow-up.To conclude, the current state and future of sensory neuroprostheses will be discussed. This will include current clinical and technical challenges, future prospects, and the potential of these devices to improve our fundamental knowledge of sensory physiology and neurosensory deficits.

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“…Although the absorption coefficient of near-infrared light is smaller than that of mid-infrared light, it can still activate neural tissue. Wang et al (2017) successfully induced auditory brainstem responses in deaf guinea pigs by stimulating their auditory neurons with 810 nm nINS. Yoo et al (2013) reported that using 20-40 mW and 808 nm nINS could induce neuronal behavior changes in the deep brain of rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidural combined optical and electrical stimulation induces high-specificity activation of target muscles in spinal cord injured rats

Guo,

Zhao,

Chang

et al. 2023

Front. Neurosci.

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IntroductionEpidural electrical stimulation (EES) has been shown to improve motor dysfunction after spinal cord injury (SCI) by activating residual locomotor neural networks. However, the stimulation current often spreads excessively, leading to activation of non-target muscles and reducing the accuracy of stimulation regulation.ObjectivesNear-infrared nerve stimulation (nINS) was combined with EES to explore its regulatory effect on lower limb muscle activity in spinal-cord-transected rats.MethodsIn this study, stimulation electrodes were implanted into the rats’ L3–L6 spinal cord segment with T8 cord transected. Firstly, a series of EES parameters (0.2–0.6 mA and 20–60 Hz) were tested to determine those that specifically regulate the tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (MG). Subsequently, to determine the effect of combined optical and electrical stimulation, near-infrared laser with a wavelength of 808 nm was used to irradiate the L3–L6 spinal cord segment while EES was performed. The amplitude of electromyography (EMG), the specific activation intensity of the target muscle, and the minimum stimulus current intensity to induce joint movement (motor threshold) under a series of optical stimulation parameters (power: 0.0–2.0 W; pulse width: 0–10 ms) were investigated and analyzed.ResultsEES stimulation with 40 Hz at the L3 and L6 spinal cord segments specifically activated TA and MG, respectively. High stimulation intensity (>2 × motor threshold) activated non-target muscles, while low stimulation frequency (<20 Hz) produced intermittent contraction. Compared to electrical stimulation alone (0.577 ± 0.081 mV), the combined stimulation strategy could induce stronger EMG amplitude of MG (1.426 ± 0.365 mV) after spinal cord injury (p < 0.01). The combined application of nINS effectively decreased the EES-induced motor threshold of MG (from 0.237 ± 0.001 mA to 0.166 ± 0.028 mA, p < 0.001). Additionally, the pulse width (PW) of nINS had a slight impact on the regulation of muscle activity. The EMG amplitude of MG only increased by ~70% (from 3.978 ± 0.240 mV to 6.753 ± 0.263 mV) when the PW increased by 10-fold (from 1 to 10 ms).ConclusionThe study demonstrates the feasibility of epidural combined electrical and optical stimulation for highly specific regulation of muscle activity after SCI, and provides a new strategy for improving motor dysfunction caused by SCI.

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Effect of shorter pulse duration in cochlear neural activation with an 810-nm near-infrared laser

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Analgesic effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy: An in vitro and in vivo study

Analgesic effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy: An in vitro and in vivo study

Designing artificial senses: steps from physiology to clinical implementation

Epidural combined optical and electrical stimulation induces high-specificity activation of target muscles in spinal cord injured rats

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