Effect of SGLT inhibitors on weight and lipid metabolism at 24 weeks of treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: The goals of improving quality of life and increasing longevity are receiving growing amounts of attention. Body weight and lipid metabolism are closely related to various complications of diabetes. The aim of this study was to rank SGLT inhibitors according to their efficacy with regard to weight and evaluate the effect of SGLT inhibitors on lipid metabolism at 24 weeks of treatment. Methods: The Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Clinical Trials databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials involving patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through June 2020. Two researchers independently screened and evaluated the selected studies and extracted the outcome indexes. ADDIS 1.16.5 and STATA 16 software were used to perform the network meta-analysis and draw the plots. Results: Ultimately, 36 studies were selected and included in this study. We found that all SGLT inhibitors were effective at reducing weight; canagliflozin was the most effective. SGLT inhibitors and placebo were not associated with significantly different serum cholesterol levels. SGLT inhibitors lowered serum triglyceride levels and increased serum high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. SGLT inhibitors also reduced the level of alanine aminotransferase. Conclusions: SGLT inhibitors can bring about weight loss in patients with T2DM and can also improve lipid metabolism. Therefore, patients with hyperlipidemia who have been unsuccessful at losing weight should consider taking SGLT inhibitors. In addition, SGLT inhibitors are hepatoprotective and appear to be safe for patients with mild to moderate liver dysfunction. Trial Registration: CRD42020198516.

An Overview of the Cardiorenal Protective Mechanisms of SGLT2 Inhibitors

“…The mild decrease of triglyceride and increase of both HDL-C and LDL-C levels are confirmed by a recent meta-analysis including 36 RCTs in T2DM patients using a gliflozin for at least 24 weeks [ 197 ].…”

Beyond the Glycaemic Control of Dapagliflozin: Microangiopathy and Non-classical Complications

“…With regard to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), both a decrease and an increase in LDL-C associated with dapagliflozin treatment have been reported [ 24 , 28 , 29 ]. This contradiction could be explained by the different effects of the SGLT2i on different LDL-C fractions [ 31 ].…”

Beyond the Glycaemic Control of Dapagliflozin: Impact on Arterial Stiffness and Macroangiopathy

“…Regarding low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), both increases and decreases in its plasma concentration during dapagliflozin treatment have been reported [ 27 , 30 , 31 ]. However, studies that have assessed changes in LDL-C fractions indicate that dapagliflozin treatment is associated with an increase in large, floating LDL particles with lower atherogenic potential, accompanied by a decrease in small, dense LDL particles, which are more associated with CV disease [ 33 ].…”