Effect of restriction vegan diet's on muscle mass, oxidative status, and myocytes differentiation: A pilot study

Abstract

This study was conceived to evaluate the effects of three different diets on body composition, metabolic parameters, and serum oxidative status. We enrolled three groups of healthy men (omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans) with similar age, weight and BMI, and we observed a significant decrease in muscle mass index and lean body mass in vegan compared to vegetarian and omnivore groups, and higher serum homocysteine levels in vegetarians and vegans compared to omnivores. We studied whether serum from omnivore, vegetarian, and vegan subjects affected oxidative stress, growth and differentiation of both cardiomyoblast cell line H9c2 and H-H9c2 (H9c2 treated with H O to induce oxidative damage). We demonstrated that vegan sera treatment of both H9c2 and H-H9c2 cells induced an increase of TBARS values and cell death and a decrease of free NO compared to vegetarian and omnivorous sera. Afterwards, we investigated the protective effects of vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore sera on the morphological changes induced by H O in H9c2 cell line. We showed that the omnivorous sera had major antioxidant and differentiation properties compared to vegetarian and vegan sera. Finally, we evaluated the influence of the three different groups of sera on MAPKs pathway and our data suggested that ERK expression increased in H-H9c2 cells treated with vegetarian and vegan sera and could promote cell death. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that restrictive vegan diet could not prevent the onset of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases nor protect by oxidative damage.

Low pectoralis muscle index, cavitary nodule or mass and segmental to lobar consolidation as predictors of primary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A comparison with primary drug sensitive tuberculosis

“…Third, the dietary habit or steroid intake can affect the muscle mass, but these factors were not controlled in our study. Previous studies were shown that dietary protein intake can accelerate protein synthesis in the muscle [30] and lean muscle mass was significantly lower in vegan than in non-vegan [31]. Androgenic steroid can increase the lean body mass and muscle strength [32].…”

Anti-Obesity Effects of Polyphenol Intake: Current Status and Future Possibilities

“…In recent decades, particular attention has been paid to the antioxidant or antiproliferative role of polyphenols [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ] in the human diet, with evidence to support the contribution of polyphenols in the prevention of degenerative diseases [ 34 , 43 ]. Although oxidative stress has been observed during aging [ 44 , 45 ], under certain pathological conditions [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ] or contractile activity [ 53 , 54 ], a number of studies have revealed that it is also related to the development of obesity. Excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) could lead to dysfunction of mitochondria by inhibiting the breathing process and resulting in reduced energy expenditure in adipocytes and, on the contrary, improvement of energy accumulation in adipose tissue.…”

Influence of vegan diet on physical performance of athletes

“…In addition, vegans also showed lower levels of leukocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, complement factor 3, and blood urea nitrogen, but higher levels of albumin. In 2018, a paper on the impact of a vegan diet on muscle mass, oxidative status and myocyte differentiation was published [9]. The effects of serum on the oxidative, growth and differentiation of both the H9c2 and H-H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell lines were compared, and the study showed that treatment with vegan sera of both H9c2 and H-H9c2 cells induced an increase in TBARS, a marker of lipid peroxidation, compared to vegetarian sera and omnivores.…”

“…Vegan diets are lower in total fat and saturated fat [9], and are also richer in Ω-6 fats. Studies have shown that a low-fat diet can negatively affect testosterone levels in men.…”