Effect of reinforcement architecture on the macroscopic mechanical properties of fiberous polymer composites: A review

Abstract

In order to curb the fuel consumption and corresponding CO2 emission, defence, automobile, and aerospace industries are leaning towards the use of light weight‐high stiffness engineered materials like fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs). One of the major advantages of FRPCs is that various properties (stiffness, tensile strength, flexural strength, etc.) can be tailored according to requirements of the application. Architecture of the reinforcement used in FRPCs has been proved to affect these properties substantially. Composite materials have seen a lot of advancement in the field of reinforcement architectures starting from the plain‐woven fabrics to advanced 3D braided/woven preforms. The architecture of reinforcement must be wisely selected to design the required properties of developed composites and to reduce the overall cost without compromising the performance. The problem addressed in the present study is the selection of reinforcement architecture while developing a composite material. 2D Plain woven reinforcements are better than other reinforcements in terms of in‐plane properties but their out‐of‐plane properties are very poor. Therefore, advanced architectures like 3D woven fabrics, 5D Braided preforms, knitted preforms, and 3D needle punched fibers are being used in various high performance applications. The present article is an attempt to analyse the effect of various available architectures of reinforcement on the macroscopic mechanical properties of FRPC laminates and to propose a systematic way to select a reinforcement.

Effect of silica nanoparticles on physical, mechanical, and wear properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites

“…[4,5] But polymer composites are accompanied by various drawbacks like complex fabrication, fiber delamination, low corrosion resistance, low thermal stability, low modulus, and strength, limiting its application to low load-bearing materials. [6][7][8] To relinquish the gap between the polymer composite services to the requirements of the application, utilization of nanoparticles for developing polymer nanocomposites is now being set forward. [9] Polymer nanocomposites are the composites produced by the combination of polymer matrix with the dispersion of nanoparticles.…”

Hybrid Polymer Composites Used in the Arms Industry: A Review

“…In satin weave, the warp threads are raised above the weft threads, providing the fabric with a smooth surface and easy draping ability 0 [ 4 , 58 , 82 ]. Among the aforementioned types, twill exhibits higher flexural, tensile, and shear strengths [ 80 , 83 , 84 ]. Cavallaro showed that the use and proper arrangement of fabrics with different weaves (linen and twill as the outer layer and satin as the inner layer) can increase their resistance and energy absorption capacity compared to laminates containing fabrics of one type [ 85 ].…”

“…Upon impact, they absorb and dissipate twice as much energy. Unlike 2D fabrics, the damage area is small and delamination is practically absent [ 3 , 83 , 86 , 87 ]. Among 3D fabrics, several types of structures are distinguished, of which orthogonal ones are the most popular and most commonly used as reinforcement in composites with increased mechanical strength.…”

Using digital image correlation for in situ strain and damage monitoring in hybrid fiber laminates under in‐plane shear loading

“…There are comprehensive and recent reviews about the fiber hybridization of polymer laminates in [7][8][9] where the mechanical and physical aspect of such laminates are discussed thoroughly. Therefore, herein, only some recent and most relevant efforts about fiber hybridization of CFRPs are reviewed briefly.…”