Effect of Protein and Energy Intake of Broiler Breeder Hens on Performance of Broiler Chicken Offspring

Abstract

Two hundred and forty individually caged Hubbard x Hubbard broiler breeders (BB) were fed one of six diets at 150 g/bird per day, which provided 19 or 25 g protein and 325, 385, or 450 kcal nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy. In Trial 1, chicks hatched from 29-wk-old BB were sexed and 12 females and 12 males placed in each of four replicate floor pens per treatment. A 23% crude protein (CP) starter (0 to 20 day), 20% CP grower (21 to 34 day) and 18% CP finisher (35 to 41 day) diets were fed. Protein intake of BB had no effect on body weight of offspring. Energy intake of BB had no effect on growth of female offspring; however body weights of 20 day-old-male offspring were 575, 586, and 601 g for low, medium, and high energy intake, respectively (P less than or equal to .01). Increasing BB energy intake increased carcass protein and reduced fat in male offspring (P less than or equal to .01) and decreased the percentage of Canada Grade B ratings for both sexes (P less than or equal to .05). In Trials 2 to 4, chicks from BB at 32, 36, and 40 wk were sexed and cage-reared to 21 days of age. The energy intake of BB had no effect on female offspring growth. Male offspring weighed 570, 563, and 585 g for the low, medium, and high energy intakes, respectively (P less than or equal to .01).

Response of Broiler Breeders to Low-Protein Diets.

“…Wilson and Harms (1984) found that protein intake of 19.9 to 23 g per bird per d had no effect on 49-d body weight of offspring. Similar results were observed by Spratt and Leeson (1987) and Pearson and Herron (1981) using comparable protein intakes.…”

“…However, only a few studies have associated the effect of breeder diet with offspring performance (Aitken et al, 1969;Pearson and Herron, 1981;Wilson and Harms, 1984;Spratt and Leeson, 1987). Aitken et al (1969) reported that broilers from parents fed a nutrient-dense diet (energy and protein) were significantly heavier at hatch and at 63 d in comparison with chicks from broiler breeders fed lowenergy diets.…”

Avaliação de uma equação de predição das exigências protéicas para aves reprodutoras pesadas na fase de produção

“…Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho estão de acordo com Waldroup et al (1976), Pearson & Herron (1981), Spratt & Leeson (1987), segundo os quais o fornecimento de 18 a 20 g/dia parece atender as necessidades dos aminoácidos essenciais, porém níveis mais elevados (23 g/dia) podem ser necessários durante o período de alta produtividade para obtenção de máximo crescimento da massa do ovo.…”

“…As exigências de proteína para matrizes pesadas na fase de produção variam de 18g a 23g/ave/dia (Waldroup et al, 1976;Bornstein et al, 1979;Pearson & Herron, 1981Wilson & Harms, 1984;Spratt & Leeson, 1987;Couto, 1988;Scholoffel et al, 1988;NRC, 1994;Lopez & Leeson, 1995a). Na prática, as recomendações de proteína para reprodutoras pesadas são relativamente altas, recomendando-se formular rações com 16% de proteína bruta, levando uma ave no pico de postura a consumir em torno de 26 g de proteína/dia (Lopez & Leeson, 1995a).…”

Nouvelles stratégies alimentaires précoces au service de la production avicole

“…Ce management a engendré des pertes économiques non négligeables du fait d'une réduction de la masse corporelle des animaux et d'une diminution de leur efficacité alimentaire. Spratt et Leeson (1987) ont aussi montré des différences de dépôt protéique et d'adiposité des carcasses sur des animaux issus de poules reproductrices nourries avec des régimes différant de par leur teneur en énergie et en protéines.…”