Effect of processing conditions on morphology and mechanical properties of compatibilized polypropylene nanocomposites

Modesti, Michele; Lorenzetti, Alessandra; Bon, D.; Besco, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.08.035

Cited by 207 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The latter presents advantages such as the use of commercially available equipment for large volume capacities. The melt extrusion process applied to the production of nanocomposites requires the control of various factors, such as the shear stress, residence time, affinity of the particles to the polymer matrix and screw configuration [19][20][21][22][23]. In particular, high impact polystyrene (HIPS) presents high impact resistance but is a highly-flammable material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the combustion behavior of high impact polystyrene nanocomposites produced by different extrusion processes

Sánchez-Olivares¹,

Sanchez-Solis²,

Camino³

et al. 2008

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The combustion behavior of a blend made of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) with sodium montmorillonite (MMT-Na + ) and triphenyl phosphite (TPP), as a halogen-free flame retardant, is analyzed in detail in this work. The blend is processed through various extrusion methods aimed to improve clay dispersion. The UL94 method in vertical position, oxygen index and cone calorimetric measurements assess HIPS blend behavior in combustion. TGA, FTIR, SEM and X-ray measurements, together with mechanical and rheological tests evaluate the thermal degradation, morphology, intercalation and degree of dispersion of particles. The use of a static-mixing die placed at the extreme of a single screw extruder improves clay platelets distribution and reduces the peak heat release rate better than employing a twin screw extrusion process. In addition, mechanical and rheological properties are affected substantially by changing the extrusion process. A correlation between clay dispersion and HIPS fire retardant properties is found, as the peak heat release rate decreases with good clay dispersion in cone calorimetric tests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the combustion behavior of high impact polystyrene nanocomposites produced by different extrusion processes

Sánchez-Olivares¹,

Sanchez-Solis²,

Camino³

et al. 2008

Express Polym. Lett.

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show abstract

“…The clay dispersion in the polymer matrix is directly related to the processing conditions [30] . The screw configuration can modify the original clay morphology because of the high shear forces that occur during processing [31] .…”

Section: Morphology Of the Pp/c-20a Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of screw configurations and feed mode on the dispersion of organoclay on PP

Santos¹,

Demori²,

Mauler³

et al. 2013

Polímeros

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Abstract:The design of the screw configuration as well as the screw speed, the residence time, the feeder type, and the temperature has a large effect on the dispersion of the clay into the matrix and, consequently, on the mechanical and thermal properties of the polymeric matrix. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the influence of two different screw configurations (left-handed elements) and the feed type (hopper or side feeder) on the dispersion of 5 wt% Cloisite 20A into the PP matrix without the use of compatibilising agents. In profile 1 (lower shear), the 5 wt% C20A/PP (PPC20AP1) nanocomposite morphology presented elliptical agglomerated structures with compacted platelets, whereas in the profile 2, the 5 wt% C20A/PP (PPC20AP2) showed elongated forms with better separated platelets and a better clay distribution into the PP matrix. When the side feeder mode was used in profile 2, a mix of elliptical and elongated structures with some individual clay sheets was observed.The neat PP showed the same tensile modulus and impact strength in both screw configurations. The PPC20AP1 presented a tensile modulus and an impact strength that was lower than the PPC20AP2, because in profile 2 the pressure and residence time are higher due to the two left-handed elements. Thus, the dispersion and distribution of the clay throughout the matrix were improved, and the agglomerated structures were reduced. When the side feeder mode was used, there was a decrease in the PP/clay mechanical properties, but the values found were higher than those in profile 1.

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“…Some works in the literature have proposed the use of MA grafted to thermoplastics as polyethylene and polypropylene [8][9][10][11][12][13] to improve the interfacial adhesion between the matrix and some reinforcement agents, as oak wood flour 5 , bamboo pulp fiber 14 , kenaf fiber 4 , clay 6,13,15 , bio-flour-filled 8 and others. It was observed that the presence of the compatibilizer agent induces a stronger interfacial adhesion and improvement of the mechanical properties, compared to uncompatibilized composites 4,15 , besides improving the particle dispersion into polymer matrix 13 , and the thermal stability of composite 8 . For the bio-flour-filled polypropylene composites with MA functionalized polypropylene as compatibilizing agent, the authors observed improved mechanical and thermal stability and interfacial adhesion 8 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Poly(Hydroxybutirate-CO-Hydroxyvalerate) – PHBV-g-MA

et al. 2016

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Effect of processing conditions on morphology and mechanical properties of compatibilized polypropylene nanocomposites

Cited by 207 publications

References 15 publications

Study on the combustion behavior of high impact polystyrene nanocomposites produced by different extrusion processes

Study on the combustion behavior of high impact polystyrene nanocomposites produced by different extrusion processes

The influence of screw configurations and feed mode on the dispersion of organoclay on PP

Preparation and Characterization of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Poly(Hydroxybutirate-CO-Hydroxyvalerate) – PHBV-g-MA

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