Effect of planting density and pattern on maize yield and rainwater use efficiency in the Loess Plateau in China

Jia, Qianmin; Sun, Lefeng; Ali, Shahzad; Zhang, Yan; Liu, Donghua; Kamran, Muhammad; Zhang, Peng; Jia, Zhikuan; Ren, Xiaolong

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2018.02.011

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…LAI and leaf net photosynthetic rates (Pn) are directly associated with plant dry matter production (Zhao et al, 2015). Previous studies have reported that LAI and Pn both varied greatly with the increasing planting density (Ren et al, 2017; Xu et al, 2017; Jia et al, 2018). Similarly, the N supply rate also altered the maximum value of LAI and Pn (Vos et al, 2005; Shi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…As a nationally important cereal crop, maize ( Zea mays L.) plays a significant role in expanding overall grain production capacity in China (Yu et al, 2014). Progressive increases in planting density are crucial contributors to maize yield improvements in China and elsewhere in the world (Smith et al, 2004; Antonietta et al, 2014; Testa et al, 2016; Jia et al, 2018). On the other hand, increased nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate has also become one of the major crop management practices that contributed to maize yield improvement (Egli, 2008; Rossini et al, 2011; Mastrodomenico et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maize Canopy Apparent Photosynthesis and 13C-Photosynthate Reallocation in Response to Different Density and N Rate Combinations

Wei

Wang

et al. 2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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Appropriate planting density and nitrogen (N) supply are critical factors optimizing yield in crop cultivation. To advance the knowledge of maize plants under different density and N rate combinations, responses of canopy apparent photosynthesis (CAP), and assimilate redistribution characters (by 13CO2 stable isotope tracing) were investigated. In this study, two maize varieties DH618 and DH605 were grown at various planting densities (6.75, 8.25, 9.75, and 11.25 pl m−2) and N application rates (0, 180, 270, 360, and 540 kg ha−1) during 2013–2015. Maize grain yield (GY) was maximized at a density of 9.75 pl m−2 with 180–360 kg ha−1 N during the three study years. Maize GY, biomass, CAP, leaf area index (LAI), and 13C-photosynthate reallocation all responded more intensively to density than N rate, but the N response differed between varieties. We established links among CAP, LAI and biomass, and GY and kernel number per unit area (KNA). CAP depended on high LAI and enzyme activities for photosynthesis, yet both N deficiency and N excess had inhibitory effects. Besides, relations between 13C-photosynthate reallocation and yield components were executed. High density increased the 13C-photosynthate distribution in vegetative organs but reduced the allocation in ear, while N supply moderated the response. Based on our results, maize plants with greater CAP, more 13C-photosynthate distribution to ears, and less 13C-photosynthate distribution to stems under different density and N rate combinations could improve KNA and achieve a greater GY consequently.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize Canopy Apparent Photosynthesis and 13C-Photosynthate Reallocation in Response to Different Density and N Rate Combinations

Wei

Wang

et al. 2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Mulching materials placed over the soil surface reduce soil evaporation by cutting off the vapor transport path between the soil surface and the atmosphere and contrasting weeds growth and the related transpiration as well as. Compared to soil tillage, mulching has significant advantages in soil moisture preservation (Kader et al, 2017), reducing soil evaporation losses and improving crop yields (Taparauskiene and Miseckaite, 2014;Jia et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Soil Management and Micro-Climate Modulation for Saving Water in Peach Orchards

et al. 2020

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Microclimatic and soil management studies emphasize that roofing above the canopy or soil mulching contributes to reduce water losses from horticultural cropping systems and, at the same time, to increase water use efficiency. The aim of this 2-year on-farm study, carried out on a late ripening peach (cv. California) orchard, was to investigate the combined effect of water supply (full or deficit irrigation, DI), incoming light (hail or shading net), and soil management (tilling or mulching) on: microclimate; fruit growth; yield; irrigation water use productivity (WP I); and soil water stress coefficient (Ks). Shading hail net reduced air temperature (−1°C), wind speed (−57%), solar radiation (−32%), while increased relative air humidity (+9.5%). Compared to the control treatment (hail net coverage, soil tillage, and full irrigation), the innovative management (DI + shading hail net + mulching) reduced seasonal volumes of irrigation water (−25%) and increased both final yield (+36%) and WP I (+53%). Saving water resources without losing yield is an achievable goal by peach orchards growing under the Mediterranean climate if the DI agro-technique is adopted conjointly with shading hail net and soil mulching.

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“…Finally, apart from limited irrigation and drought-tolerant hybrids, adjusting planting density is another important practice to increase the maize yield per unit of scarce water (Passioura 2006), since the optimum density is related to soil water availability (Ren, Sun, and Wang 2016). During the past 30 years, due to genetic improvements, increased planting density contributed to greater maize yield worldwide (Duvick 2005;Testa, Reyneri, and Blandino 2016;Jia et al 2018). Compared with older hybrids, new hybrids yielded more at higher densities (Echarte et al 2000;Tokatlidis et al 2004;Duvick 2005;Qian et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield determination of maize hybrids under limited irrigation

Zhao

Xue

Hao

et al. 2019

Journal of Crop Improvement

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Hybrid adoption, irrigation, and planting density are important factors for maize (Zea mays L.) production in semiarid regions. For this study, a 2-yr field experiment was conducted in the Texas High Plains to investigate maize yield determination, seasonal evapotranspiration (ETc), and water-use efficiency (WUE) under limited irrigation. Two hybrids (N74R, a conventional hybrid, and N75H, a drought-tolerant (DT) hybrid) were planted at three water regimes (I 100 , I 75 , and I 50 , referring to 100%, 75%, and 50% of the evapotranspiration requirement) and three planting densities (PD 6, PD 8, and PD 10, referring to 6, 8, and 10 seeds m −2 ). At I 50 , drought stress reduced grain yield by 4.78 t/ha for the conventional hybrid but only 4.22 t/ha for the DT hybrid, when compared to I 100 . Although ETc decreased at I 75 and I 50 , the highest WUE was found at I 75 . The DT hybrid did not yield more than the conventional hybrid but had greater yield stability at lower water regimes and extracted less soil water. Drought decreased biomass, harvest index, and kernel weight but did not affect kernel number. Higher planting densities increased biomass and kernel number but decreased kernel weight. Kernel number and kernel weight of the conventional hybrid were more sensitive to planting density than the DT hybrid. These data demonstrated that limited irrigation at I 75 is an effective way to save water and maintain the maize yield in semiarid areas, and that DT hybrid shows a greater yield stability to plant density under water stress. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Effect of planting density and pattern on maize yield and rainwater use efficiency in the Loess Plateau in China

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Maize Canopy Apparent Photosynthesis and 13C-Photosynthate Reallocation in Response to Different Density and N Rate Combinations

Maize Canopy Apparent Photosynthesis and 13C-Photosynthate Reallocation in Response to Different Density and N Rate Combinations

Innovative Soil Management and Micro-Climate Modulation for Saving Water in Peach Orchards

Yield determination of maize hybrids under limited irrigation

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