Effect of pH, temperature and freezing-thawing on quantity changes and cellular uptake of exosomes

Cheng, Yirui; Zeng, Qingyu; Han, Qing; Xia, Weiliang

doi:10.1007/s13238-018-0529-4

Cited by 214 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…[46] A subset of samples used for validation was used for isolating small EVs using ultracentrifugation sucrose density gradient method. [51,52] Small EVs including exosomes play important role in intercellular communication and execute its functions on different cell types. [47][48][49] We characterized average size of the isolated small EVs using DLS and Nanosight tracking analysis (NTA) could be useful for calculating both number and diameter information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles Proteome of Tuberculosis Patients Demonstrated Deregulated Immune Response

Arya

Dabral

Faruquee

et al. 2019

Proteomics Clinical Apps

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Purpose Detailed understanding of host pathogen interaction in tuberculosis is an important avenue for identifying novel therapeutic targets. Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) like exosomes that are rich in proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, act as messengers and may show altered composition in disease conditions. Experimental design In this case control study, small EVs are isolated from serum of 58 subjects (all male, 33 (15–70) in years) including drug naïve active tuberculosis (ATB: n = 22), non‐tuberculosis (NTB: n = 18), and healthy subjects (n = 18). Serum small EVs proteome analysis is carried out using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) experiments and an independent sample (n = 36) is used for validation. Results A set of 132 and 68 proteins are identified in iTRAQ‐I (ATB/Healthy) and iTRAQ‐II (ATB/NTB) experiments, respectively. Four proteins (KYAT3, SERPINA1, HP, and APOC3) show deregulation (log2‐fold change > ±0.48, p < 0.05) in ATB with respect to healthy controls and Western blot data corroborated mass spectrometry findings. Conclusions and clinical relevance These important proteins, involved in neutrophil degranulation, plasma heme scavenging, kynurenine, and lipid metabolism, show deregulation in ATB patients. Identification of such a protein panel in circulating small EVs besides providing novel insights into their role in tuberculosis may prove to be useful targets to develop host‐directed therapeutic intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles Proteome of Tuberculosis Patients Demonstrated Deregulated Immune Response

Arya

Dabral

Faruquee

et al. 2019

Proteomics Clinical Apps

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“…EV isolations from the culture medium were performed with Platform period cultures. Chlamydomonas cells were cultured in normal TAP medium 42 and incubated at 25°C under continuous light, with a light intensity 180-200 μmol photons m -2 s -1 . The EV isolation experiments were performed at the logarithmic (sample "Log", 1.0 × 10 7 cells mL -1 ), nitrogen depletion (sample "N-", 1.5 × 10 7 cells mL -1 cells after culture for 3 days in the TAP-N culture medium, using NaCl instead of NH 4 Cl), nitrogen recovery (sample "NR", 1.5 × 10 7 cells mL -1 cells re-added N-cells with full TAP medium and cultured for another 3 days) and platform stages (sample "Pla", 2.5 × 10 7 cells mL -1 cells from Log continuous culture in TAP medium after 8 days).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Messenger of Unicellular Microalgae Communication?

Zhao¹,

Zhu²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles with membrane structures secreted by cells that play a role in the transfer of proteins, lipids, small RNAs, lncRNAs and DNA. Thus, EVs mediate mammalian cell-to-cell communication and have potential applications in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, these studies have been primarily focused on the microenvironmental fluids between mammalian cells. Microalgae are single-celled organisms living in natural and dynamic aquatic environments. Whether microalgae can secrete EVs and adapt to changing environments via EV-mediated communication between cells is still unclear. ResultsWe demonstrated that EVs are widely present in microalgae and have surprisingly rich contents of miRNAs and proteins. The differential expression of miRNAs and proteins was correlated with different cell growth stages and abiotic stressors. Our preliminary data suggested that Chlamydomonas EVs significantly affected the growth of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis in full BG11 medium. However, incubating EVs isolated from Chlamydomonas with Synechocystis cells showed that EVs themselves did not promote cell growth in nitrogen depleted BG11 medium. In this case, EVs appear to function primarily via information sensing and message delivery between cells under nutrient stress conditions. More detailed studies need to be conducted to revise our current perspective on the distribution of nutrients in aquatic environments and how EVs may affect microbial communications and interactions.Conculsions These findings suggest that EVs may play a critically important role in information exchange between microalgal cells and, in turn, adaptation to changing aquatic environments.

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“…On the other hand, storage at 37 °C leads to a reduction in exosome size. Currently, there are no standard criteria for the storage of exosomes …”

Section: Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common method for exosome isolation remains a sucrose‐based gradient ultracentrifugation (density of exosomes is usually in the range of 1.12–1.19 g per mL), but other methods based on precipitation (such as ExtraPEG described in a patent application) have been developed, yielding higher exosome concentrations but with the presence of some impurities in the form of co‐precipitated proteins . In the most recent study, the representative markers used to detect exosomes after isolation were ALIX (an ALG‐2‐interacting protein X), HSP70 (a heat shock protein 70) and TSG101 (a tumour susceptibility gene 101) . The intracellular protein impurities level can often be estimated by detecting β‐tubulin (exosomes do not possess any cytoskeleton‐like support).…”

Section: Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes as a Source of Cancer Biomarkers: Advances in Electrochemical Biosensing of Exosomes

et al. 2020

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Exosomes are naturally produced biological nanoparticles secreted by cells into body fluids and responsible for intercellular communication. Exosomes can also carry cargo affecting neighbouring cells and forming pre‐metastatic niches. Hence, exosomes are behind localised tumour development, progression, but also the induction of distant tumours forming metastasis. A substantially higher cellular activity of tumour cells results in the production of a greater number of exosomes than in normal, healthy cells. Therefore, the number of exosomes present in body fluids can serve as a good diagnostic biomarker in itself, besides the presence of other tumour biomarkers, which can be substantially enriched in exosomes compared to parental cells. This review comprehensively summarises the development of electrochemical biosensors for the detection of exosome levels, exosome‐derived cancer biomarkers in cell lines and serum samples for the better diagnosis of various cancer types. The review provides information on the design and analytical parameters of such biosensors. The clinical utility of the level of exosomes or exosome‐derived biomarkers is also provided.

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Effect of pH, temperature and freezing-thawing on quantity changes and cellular uptake of exosomes

Cited by 214 publications

References 15 publications

Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles Proteome of Tuberculosis Patients Demonstrated Deregulated Immune Response

Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles Proteome of Tuberculosis Patients Demonstrated Deregulated Immune Response

Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Messenger of Unicellular Microalgae Communication?

Exosomes as a Source of Cancer Biomarkers: Advances in Electrochemical Biosensing of Exosomes

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