Effect of Peel Side on Optimum Condition for Measuring Flexible Film Peel Strength in T-Peel Adhesion Test

Dolah, Rozzeta; Miyagi, Zenichi

doi:10.1520/jte20120342

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Recently, there have been some studies on the role of asymmetry in T-peel specimens [52,53]. Dolah et al [54] have proposed a horizontal-pull testing apparatus to perform the T-peel in a layout such that the tail of the specimen aligns with the gravity. However, the mechanics of T-peel in this vertical-tail layout has not been discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the performance of the T-peel test for thin and flexible adhered laminates

Padhye

Parks

Slocum

et al. 2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Symmetrically bonded thin and flexible T-peel specimens, when tested on vertical travel machines, can be subject to significant gravitational loading; with the associated asymmetry and mixed-mode failure during peeling. This can cause erroneously high experimental peel forces to be recorded which leads to uncertainty in estimating interfacial fracture toughness and failure mode.To overcome these issues, a mechanical test fixture has been designed for use with vertical test machines, that supports the unpeeled portion of the test specimen and suppresses parasitic loads due to gravity from affecting the peel test. The mechanism, driven by the test machine cross-head, moves at one-half of the velocity of the cross-head such that the unpeeled portion always lies in the plane of the instantaneous center of motion. Several specimens such as bonded polymeric films, laminates, and commercial tapes were tested with and without the fixture, and the importance of the proposed T-peel procedure has been demonstrated a . Keywords

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the performance of the T-peel test for thin and flexible adhered laminates

Padhye

Parks

Slocum

et al. 2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…The second category is bio-oil characterization and compound analysis [42][43][44][45]. The third category covers the conversion process, experimental design and optimization, including optimal design of reactors to achieve a high production yield, design of experiments, Taguchi Method and other methodologies involved in optimizing the reactors [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. The fourth category covers bio-oil upgrading for fuel applications [56,57].…”

Section: Type Of Biomass Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major References Method of bio-oil conversion [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Chemical compound analysis [42][43][44][45] Optimization of process design and parameters [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] Upgrading of bio-oil [57,58] Energy and environment [30,[59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68] 2. Conversion of Oil Palm EFB to Bio-Oil: Principles and Processes…”

Section: Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Biofuels from Oil Palm Empty Bunch (EFB): Current Status, Potential, Barriers and Way Forward

2021

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Biomass is an important renewable energy resource which primarily contributes to heating and cooling end use sectors. It is also a promising alternative source of biofuels to replace the depleting supply of fossil fuels. Surprisingly, few writers have been able to draw on the feedstock significance for oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) as the biomass resource for biofuels compared to the other types of biomass waste. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive review of EFB as a biomass resource presented in four major parts. First, the introduction covers the demand for bio-oil and describes the different kinds of feedstock, the relevance and potential of EFB biomass. Second, the characteristics of biomass are explained before it is upgraded as biofuel, drawing similarities and contrasts between EFB and other sources of biomass. Pyrolysis processes and reactors used for EFB conversion are described, and the factors affecting the bio-oil yield and quality are discussed. Major reactor parameters are summarized and reactor optimization is discussed. Third, comparison on the properties of the bio-oil vs. petroleum in transportation, power generation, and heating are compared followed by prioritizing the bio-oil properties from the most to least critical, revealing the most promising methods for upgrading. Fourth, the environmental impact, including CO2 emission, of the use of EFB as a promising renewable energy resource and a cleaner alternative fuel is recommended. This paper has comprehensively reviewed the conversion of oil palm empty fruit bunches into biofuels, including the similarities and differences between biomasses, the best reactors, its comparison with fossil fuels, and bio-oil upgrading methods. The upgrading mapping matrix is created to present the best upgrading strategies for the optimum quality of biofuels. This paper serves as a one-stop center for EFB conversion into biofuels.

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“…Full lamination consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide, aluminum foil and cast polypropylene (CPP) is shown in Figure 1: Peel strength is determined in Newton (N) measured by the strength required to peel away between the interlayer of cast CPP and aluminium. Peel angle is read from aluminum side of packaging film [6]. Standardized testing method for T-peel test by ASTM D1876 and Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS K 6854-3) are used to measure the peel strength of the flexible composite materials.…”

Section: Test Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peel strength of multilayer film is an important property as practical use for the packaging product. In this paper, T-peel test has been used to measure peel strength on flexible packaging film using new T-peel test apparatus [6]. Thus, it is crucial to establish an optimum testing condition using robust parameter design L9 which has minimum variation in peel strength.…”

Section: 10 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outliers Effect in Measurement Data for T-peel Adhesion Test using Robust Parameter Design

2014

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As many researches focused on application of robust design engineering in practical case study, very less concerned on the criticality to data measurement system in parameter design. This paper will emphasize on the importance to be critical to data obtained during experiment. The existence of outliers is often ignored and the impact overlooked, thus endanger the results by producing false alarm and giving completely wrong parameter setting. The optimum condition from the data that contains outliers is compared with the corrected data measurement. The finding presents the indication procedure on how to confirm whether the data is reliable or not for evaluation. The data is unreliable when two main indicators are detected. Firstly, the measurement data plot detects outlier through linear regression analysis as it does not belong on the linear line. Secondly, poor reproducibility presented by estimation and confirmation of signal-to-noise ratio. This failure affects the experimental design and lead to wrong optimum condition. T-peel adhesion test using orthogonal array L9 is done as a case study to elucidate the detection of outlier and outlier effect on optimum condition.

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Effect of Peel Side on Optimum Condition for Measuring Flexible Film Peel Strength in T-Peel Adhesion Test

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Enhancing the performance of the T-peel test for thin and flexible adhered laminates

Enhancing the performance of the T-peel test for thin and flexible adhered laminates

A Comprehensive Review on Biofuels from Oil Palm Empty Bunch (EFB): Current Status, Potential, Barriers and Way Forward

Outliers Effect in Measurement Data for T-peel Adhesion Test using Robust Parameter Design

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