Effect of modified eggshell powder on physical properties of poly(lactic acid) and natural rubber composites

Bioactive Poly(lactic acid)–Cocoa Bean Shell Composites for Biomaterial Formulation: Preparation and Preliminary In Vitro Characterization

“…A similar behavior for the young's modulus has been reported previously for PLA/oat-husk composites [10]. However, a decrease in tensile properties is expected for a higher CBS weight ratio, since intercalation of filler within the polymer's molecular chains might alter intermolecular forces, therefore causing a loose chain entanglement [13]. reduced polymer chain mobility due to the limited polymer-m evidenced by an increase in the Young's Modulus and the dec Thus, the obtained tensile properties can present an appropria an enhanced performance of polymer-based materials with tu (mainly dependent on the filler weight ratio) for mimickin more accurately.…”

“…The main peak located at 3450 cm −1 can be attributed to the stretching vibration of the hydroxyl group (OH) in polysaccharides, while the absorbed moisture was observed in the range between 3000 and 3800 cm −1 . Moreover, the bands at 2909 and 2844 cm −1 correspond to asymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations from lipids [13,53,54]. Moreover, peaks at 1603 and 1402 cm −1 were attributed to amides I and II of proteins present in the materials [55] and bending vibrations of methylene groups of cellulose [21].…”

“…The use of biodegradable polymeric matrices, such as polylactides, polycaprolactones, and copolymers with natural fillers seems promising for producing novel composite biomaterials [10]. Among the most popular biopolymers, poly(lactic acid), or PLA, stands out as a linear aliphatic thermoplastic and biodegradable polymer that is relatively high strength, readily biodegradability, and easy to process [11][12][13]. However, important disadvantages include the high cost and the need for unique chemical modifications to comply with the attributes for specific applications, as is the case of developments for tissue engineering, such as regeneration of bone, cartilage, and skin, as well as the manufacture of vascular grafts [14].…”

“…However, the mechanical properties of the obtained composites are below those of most human tissues, limiting their applicability as a medical device. This has been addressed by incorporating additional excipients into the blend, such as fillers, which include hydroxyapatite, carbon nanotubes, silica, and natural fibers [13,16,17].…”

Fire Protection Performance and Thermal Behavior of Thin Film Intumescent Coating

“…ES waste can create new value by being converted into profitable products. Its biochemical composition and accessibility make ES a latent source for renewable flame-retardant bio-filler, which improved mechanical and thermal properties of coatings and bio-polymer composites [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. ES also offers benefits for various industrial applications, as it is lightweight, inexpensive, environmentally friendly, has high thermal stability and is available in bulk quantities [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”