Effect of moderate alcohol consumption on adipokines and insulin sensitivity in lean and overweight men: a diet intervention study

Beulens, Joline W.J.; Zoete, E C de; Kok, F.J.; Schaafsma, G.; Hendriks, H.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602821

Cited by 73 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Epidemiological studies on the link between alcohol consumption and BW are conflicting; some studies show a positive relationship, in which increased alcohol intake is associated with higher BW, 10,24,25 whereas others show a negative relationship, in which increased alcohol intake is associated with lower BW; 26,27 still others show no relationship. 28 The lack of a clear trend in these studies is likely because of the large number of confounders associated with human studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Alcohol consumption promotes insulin sensitivity without affecting body fat levels

et al. 2009

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Objective: Alcohol consumption promotes insulin sensitivity. In obesity, a decrease in body fat levels decreases the risk of developing insulin resistance; therefore, it is possible that alcohol improves insulin sensitivity by negatively affecting body fat. The aim of this study was to determine whether alcohol consumption promotes insulin sensitivity by reducing body fat levels in C57BL/6 male mice. Methods: We examined the effects of alcohol consumption on insulin sensitivity in male mice with three different body weight (BW) phenotypes. The BWs were induced by feeding the mice a 30% calorie-restricted (CR) regimen, a low-fat (LF) diet and a high-fat (HF) diet. The mice had free access to water or 20% ethanol in the drinking water. To determine the effects of the three different BW phenotypes and of alcohol on glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity, we performed the insulin tolerance test (ITT) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) on the mice. The effects of the diets and alcohol on body composition, percent body fat (% BF), percent lean mass and bone mineral density (BMD) were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Results: Data show that mice with the highest body fat levels (HF) were insulin resistant and glucose intolerant. In contrast, mice with the lowest body fat levels (CR) were the most insulin sensitive and cleared the injected endogenous glucose the fastest. Results show that alcohol did not affect GTT in any of the BW phenotypes. However, alcohol consumption promoted insulin sensitivity in mice consuming both the LF and HF diets. Alcohol consumption increased insulin sensitivity without affecting body fat levels, as body fat levels were similar in mice consuming the LF or HF diets and drinking either water or alcohol. Conclusions: Alcohol consumption promotes insulin sensitivity without affecting body fat levels in mice consuming LF and HF diets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Alcohol consumption promotes insulin sensitivity without affecting body fat levels

et al. 2009

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“…For example, alcohol consumption has been shown to raise high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 21 ; improve insulin sensitivity and lower the risk of diabetes mellitus 22,23 ; lower plasma levels of inflammatory markers 24 ; and raise plasma levels of adiponectin 25,26 . In experimental studies, adiponectin has been shown to attenuate cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload in adiponectin knockout mice 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Consumption and Heart Failure in Hypertensive US Male Physicians

Djoussé

Gaziano

2008

The American Journal of Cardiology

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While alcohol drinking raises blood pressure and heavy drinking has been associated with alcoholic cardiomyopathy, little is known about the association between light-to-moderate drinking on the risk of heart failure (HF) among hypertensive subjects. Thus, we prospectively examined the association between light-to-moderate drinking and incident HF in 5,153 hypertensive male physicians who were free of stroke, myocardial infarction, or major cancers at baseline. Alcohol consumption was selfreported and classified as <1, 1-4, 5-7, and 8+ drinks/week. HF was ascertained through follow-up questionnaires and validated using Framingham criteria. The average age was 58 years and about 70% of the participants consumed 1-7 drinks per week. A total of 478 incident HF cases occurred in this cohort during the follow up. Compared to subjects consuming < 1 drink per week, hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for HF were 0.89 (0.70-1.12), 0.72 (0.57-0.91), and 0.38 (0.20-0.72) for alcohol consumption of 1-4, 5-7, and 8+ drinks/week, respectively, after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking, randomization's group, use of multivitamins, vegetable consumption, breakfast cereal, exercise, and history of atrial fibrillation (p for trend <0.001). Similar results were obtained for HF with and without antecedent myocardial infarction and among subjects without diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, our data suggest that light-to-moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of HF among hypertensive male physicians. KeywordsAlcohol drinking; heart failure; epidemiology; risk factor Moderate drinking may lower the risk of heart failure (HF) caused by antecedent coronary artery disease. Recent alcohol consumption was not associated with the subsequent risk for HF among patients who had a myocardial infarction 1,2 . In addition, among post-myocardial infarction patients with left ventricular dysfunction, moderate drinking was not associated with incident HF 1,2 . In contrast, other investigators have reported an inverse relation between lightto-moderate drinking and HF risk in the general population 3-6 . No previous study has examined the association between moderate drinking and incident HF among individuals with hypertension. Since moderate alcohol intake could lower the risk of HF (through its beneficial effects on coronary artery disease and neurohormonal changes that might prevent clinical onset of HF 7-9 ) and increase the risk of HF through hypertensive cardiomyopathy, it is important to understand the net benefit if any, of light-to-moderate drinking (≤ 2 drinks per day for men) among people with hypertension. Thus, we prospectively assessed whether alcohol consumption was associated with a lower risk of incident HF among US male physicians with prevalent hypertension at baseline. In addition, we examined whether alcohol consumption influenced the risk of HF with and without antecedent myocardial infarction in this population. Materials and MethodsWe used data from the Physicians' Health Study (PHS) I,...

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“…This risk reduction could be explained by improved insulin sensitivity with moderate alcohol consumption. However, this relationship has only been demonstrated by two randomized controlled trials amongst postmenopausal women [2,3]; other studies amongst men were not able to detect such an increase in insulin sensitivity [4][5][6][7][8]. A metaanalysis of observational studies quantified the association between alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes [1]: compared with nondrinkers, a significantly reduced risk of 13% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0-24] at 22 g day )1 was observed amongst men, whilst this risk reduction reached about 40% (95% CI: 31-48) at 24 g day )1 amongst women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in European men and women: influence of beverage type and body sizeThe EPIC–InterAct study

Beulens

Schouw

Bergmann

et al. 2012

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Abstract. Beulens JWJ, van der Schouw YT, Bergmann MM, Rohrmann S, B Schulze M, Buijsse B, Grobbee DE, Arriola L, Cauchi S, Tormo M-J, Allen NE, van der A DL, Balkau B, Boeing H, Clavel-Chapelon F, de Lauzon-Guillan B, Franks P, Froguel P, Gonzales C, Halkjaer J, Huerta JM, Kaaks R, Key TJ, Khaw Main outcome measures: Occurrence of type 2 diabetes based on multiple sources (mainly self-reports), verified against medical information.Results: Amongst men, moderate alcohol consumption was nonsignificantly associated with a lower incidence of diabetes with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.78-1.05) for 6.1-12.0 versus 0.1-6.0 g day )1 , adjusted for dietary and diabetes risk factors. However, the lowest risk was observed at higher intakes of 24.1-96.0 g day )1 with an HR of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75-0.98). Amongst women, moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a lower incidence of diabetes with a hazard ratio of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72-0.92) for 6.1-12.0 g day )1 (P interaction gender <0.01). The inverse association between alcohol consumption and diabetes was more pronounced amongst overweight (BMI ‡ 25 kg m )2 ) than normal-weight men and women (P interaction < 0.05). Adjusting for waist and hip circumference did not alter the results for men, but attenuated the association for women (HR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.79-1.03 for 6.1-12.0 g day )1 ). Wine consumption for men and fortified wine consumption for women were most strongly associated with a reduced risk of diabetes. Conclusions:The results of this study show that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes amongst women only. However, this risk reduction is in part explained by fat distribution. The relation between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes was stronger for overweight than normal-weight women and men.

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Effect of moderate alcohol consumption on adipokines and insulin sensitivity in lean and overweight men: a diet intervention study

Cited by 73 publications

References 39 publications

Alcohol consumption promotes insulin sensitivity without affecting body fat levels

Alcohol consumption promotes insulin sensitivity without affecting body fat levels

Alcohol Consumption and Heart Failure in Hypertensive US Male Physicians

Alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in European men and women: influence of beverage type and body sizeThe EPIC–InterAct study

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