Effect of milling media on processing and performance of 13-93 bioactive glass scaffolds fabricated by robocasting

Improving mechanical properties of 13–93 bioactive glass robocast scaffold by poly (lactic acid) and poly (ε-caprolactone) melt infiltration

“…The 13-93 bars exhibited a smooth, nearly defect-free surface and very few pores in their transversal section (Fig. 1a), which confirms the appropriateness of the selected sintering treatment for producing structures with fully-dense struts [22]. Similarly, the images in Fig.…”

“…1b and c, respectively). 13-93 bioactive glass scaffolds with average rod diameter of 274 ± 10 μm and in-plane and out-of-plane gaps between parallel rods of 300 ± 11 μm and 165 ± 10 μm, respectively, were obtained after sintering, resulting in a relative porosity of 51 ± 2%, as determined in a previous work [11]. The 13-93 bars exhibited a smooth, nearly defect-free surface and very few pores in their transversal section (Fig.…”

“…After drying and debinding, the constructs were sintered in air for 1 h at 670°C. Further details of the fabrication of the 13-93 bioactive glass scaffolds are given elsewhere [11].…”

“…The use of additive manufacturing techniques, such as robocasting [2][3][4], enables the production of scaffolds with customized external shape and pre-designed pore architecture, which in turn allows a reduction of total porosity and enhances the mechanical properties of scaffolds [5]. Robocasting has been successfully used to produce scaffolds from a number of bioactive glasses including 45S5 [6,7], 6P53B [8] and 13-93 [9][10][11]. In particular, 13-93 bioactive glass scaffolds fabricated by robocasting have been shown to possess strengths comparable to human cortical bone and a tunable degradation behavior [10,11].…”

“…Robocasting has been successfully used to produce scaffolds from a number of bioactive glasses including 45S5 [6,7], 6P53B [8] and 13-93 [9][10][11]. In particular, 13-93 bioactive glass scaffolds fabricated by robocasting have been shown to possess strengths comparable to human cortical bone and a tunable degradation behavior [10,11]. In spite of improvements in mechanical and biological properties associated with the ability to control pore/strut architecture provided by robocast fabrication, brittleness remains an important hurdle for the use of bioglass scaffolds in structural and load-bearing applications.…”