Effect of Melissa officinalis L. leaf extract on manganese-induced cyto-genotoxicity on Allium cepa L.

Abstract

Although the antioxidant properties of Melissa officinalis extract (Mox) are widely known, little work has focused on its protective capacity against heavy metal stress. The primary objective of this study was to determine the potential of Mox to mitigate manganese (II) chloride (MnCI2)-induced cyto-genotoxicity using the Allium and comet assays. Physiological, genotoxic, biochemical and anatomical parameters as well as the phenolic composition of Mox were examined in Allium cepa (L.). Application of 1000 µM MnCl2 reduced the rooting percentage, root elongation, weight gain, mitotic index and levels of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b pigments compared to the control group. However, it increased micronuclei formation, chromosomal abnormality frequencies, tail DNA percentage, proline amount, lipid peroxidation level and meristematic damage severity. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase also increased. Chromosomal aberrations induced by MnCl2 were fragment, sticky chromosome, vagrant chromosome, unequal distribution of chromatin and bridge. Application of 250 mg/L Mox and 500 mg/L Mox along with MnCl2 significantly alleviated adverse effects dose dependently. The antioxidant activity bestowed by the phenolic compounds in Mox assisted the organism to combat MnCl2 toxicity. Consequently, Mox exerted remarkable protection against MnCl2 toxicity and it needs to be investigated further as a potential therapeutic option.

Effect of formaldehyde exposure on phytochemical content and functional activity of Agaricus bisporus (Lge.) Sing.

“…As a result, the presence of phenolic content in the A. bisporus samples of both groups ensures that the cultivated mushroom exhibits antioxidant activity. Consuming foods with antioxidant activities also reduces the risk of many diseases by reducing the effects of free radicals (Yalçın and Çavuşoğlu 2022 ; Üstündağ et al 2023 ; Çavuşoğlu and Yalçın 2023 ).…”