Effect of long-term heat stress on grain yield, pollen grain viability and germinability in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under field conditions

Abstract

Frequent episodes of heat threaten sustainable agriculture in Egypt. This study is an urgent call to select tolerant genotypes of heat and discover the predicted screening phenotypic parameters. Here, twenty spring wheat genotypes were exposed to heat stress under field conditions for screening heat tolerance. Stress environments were simulated by delaying the sowing date by 53 and 58 days than the normal environments for two successive seasons. Stressed plants received the highest peak of heat during the reproductive growth stage. Eight phenotypic parameters were measured to evaluate genotype tolerance. Mean performance, reduction percentage/trait, and heat susceptibility index parameters were calculated. Additionally, the pollen grain viability during spike emergence and the germinability of producing grains were investigated. Results demonstrated: (1) Highly significant differences ( P < 0.01 ) between genotypes, treatments and genotypes by treatments in grain yield and other traits in both studied seasons, (2) significant reduction in all studied traits compared to the non-stress environment, (3) the overall yield reduction, based on grain yield/m 2 , was 40.17, 41.19 % in the first and second seasons, respectively, and the most tolerant genotypes were Masr2, Sids1, Giza 171 and Line 9, (4) limited impact of heat has detected on pollen grains viability and germinability, and (5) grain yield as a selection criterion for heat stress remains the most reliable yardstick.

Same soil, different climate: Crop model intercomparison on translocated lysimeters

“…The observed 1,000‐kernel weight remained similar at all sites, implying that the decrease in GY can be associated with the number of grains. This suggest that the higher temperatures and heat stress around anthesis negatively affected GY especially at Se, due to decreasing pollen fertility or abortion and sterile grains (Chaturvedi et al., 2021; Farooq et al., 2012; Shenoda et al., 2021).…”

Bibliometric analysis of publications discussing the use of the artificial intelligence technique agent-based models in sustainable agriculture

“…Sustainable agriculture establishment requires considering financial, environmental, social, and economic factors. Therefore, extensive research on the subject has been developed worldwide [2] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] . Some of these research projects are discussed in this section.…”

Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application

“…Global climate change and shifts in weather patterns have significantly increased the frequency of heat events during reproductive growth phases of wheat crops in many parts of the world ( Ullah et al, 2020 ; Collins et al, 2022 ). Short episodes of heat during the early to mid-grain filling phase of wheat severely affect cell biochemistry, physiology, and overall grain yields ( Ullah and Chenu, 2019 ; Shenoda et al, 2021 ). Yearly variations in grain yield recorded in many wheat-growing countries are associated with the rapid changes in temperature during grain filling ( Djanaguiraman et al, 2020 ).…”