Effect of Lattice Setting Density on Fluid Flow and Convective Heat Transfer Characteristics of Bricks in Tunnel Kilns

Alrahmani, Mosab A.; Almesri, Issa F.; Abou-Ziyan, Hosny; Almutairi, Jaber H.

doi:10.1115/1.4046420

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The HDS was composed of 768 bricks, whereas the LDS contained 512 bricks, i.e., the HDS had 50% more bricks than the LDS. The authors [51] reported higher convective heat transfer coefficients and a lower pressure drop in the LDS than the HDS. Additionally, the LDS provided more consistent and more multifaceted convection heat transfer coefficients than the HDS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…However, those papers did not explicitly investigate the effect of the setting density. A comprehensive project started in 2016 by the same research team as for this paper aimed to enhance the tunnel kiln performance by developing reliable design data for tunnel kilns [29,33,34,51,52]. Accurate three-dimensional CFD models were developed, using the k-ω turbulence model to study the different aspects of the tunnel kilns, including the flow uniformity [29], convection heat transfer [33,34], setting density [51], and surface roughness [52] of the bricks and kiln boundaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the effects of the brick setting density, this research team investigated the effects of two lattice settings of different densities (high-density setting, HDS; low-density setting, LDS) [51]. The HDS was composed of 768 bricks, whereas the LDS contained 512 bricks, i.e., the HDS had 50% more bricks than the LDS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the LDS provided more consistent and more multifaceted convection heat transfer coefficients than the HDS. The authors [51] concluded that as the convective heat transfer coefficients improved in the LDS, the required firing time was lowered, meaning the bricks productivity rates for both the LDS and HDS were about the same. Therefore, the LDS required a lower firing time and pumping power than the HDS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Effect of Brick Surface Roughness and Lattice Setting Density on Brick Firing in Tunnel Kilns

et al. 2022

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This paper investigates the combined effect of the kiln or brick surface roughness and the brick lattice setting density on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in tunnel kilns. The flow uniformity, pressure drop, convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC), and pumping power are studied. A high-density setting (HDS), which comprises 768 bricks, and a low-density setting (LDS), which comprises 512 bricks, are tested for kiln boundaries and brick surface roughness levels of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm. The investigation is conducted using a 3D-CFD model with the k-ω turbulence model. The surface roughness changes from 0 to 4 mm for either kiln walls or bricks while fixing the other. The results show that increasing the tunnel kiln surface roughness from 0 to 4 mm increases the pressure drop of both the HDS and LDS by about 13.5%. It also increases the established CHTC value of the LDS more than the HDS by about 23% for all tested roughness levels. Changing the brick surface roughness from 0 to 4 mm increases the pressure drop and CHTC value for the LDS more than for the HDS by about 10% and 12%, respectively. Additionally, the total heat transfer rate-to-pumping power ratio for the LDS is larger than for the HDS by 17.4% for smooth bricks and 23.1% for the brick roughness of 2 mm, i.e., the brick roughness provides a greater advantage to the LDS. The results confirm that the LDS for rough and smooth bricks loaded in tunnel kilns attains a better brick quality, a higher heat transfer rate, and a lower pumping power than the HDS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Effect of Brick Surface Roughness and Lattice Setting Density on Brick Firing in Tunnel Kilns

et al. 2022

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“…Bustos et al [99] carried out this type of simulation for the elaboration of charcoal in a brick kiln, and their results provide important information for the improvements in the kiln operation and allow establishment of consistent initial conditions of temperature and heat flux for kinetics models for charcoal cooling in kilns. Alrahmani et al [100] researched the effect of lattice setting density on fluid flow and convective heat transfer characteristics of bricks in Tunnel Kilns, using a 3D-computational fluid dynamics model with k-ω turbulence model. The computational simulations allowed that the authors report the effect of setting density on flow uniformity, pressure drop, pumping power and convective heat transfer coefficients.…”

Section: Future Trends About Phenomenological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artisan Brick Kilns: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

et al. 2020

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A large part of the global brick manufacturing industry has evolved based on knowledge transmitted from generation to generation without developing a consistent scientific approach. The purpose of this article is to contribute to this approach by discussing the state-of-the-art and future trends of the design and construction of artisan brick kilns (ABK). The methodology proposed for this study is based on a systematic literature review whereby main question is: What research exists on brick kilns? Based on the results of this review, it is recommended that appropriate emerging technologies that should be incorporated to ABKs for either medium or small enterprises should be: mechanical fans, envelope thermal insulation, organic waste of uniform size as fuel, automatic control of process variables and computer simulations of phenomenological processes. This should be accompanied by technical training for the brick-makers and greater access to financing funds. The technologies reviewed throughout the paper will allow for a more thermally efficient design of kilns, which will emit less hazardous greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants.

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Effect of Surface Roughness on Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Lattice Brick Setting in Tunnel Kilns

Almesri

Alrahmani

Almutairi

et al. 2021

Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications

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This paper presents the effect of brick roughness and surface roughness of tunnel walls, ceiling, and floor on the fluid flow, pressure drop, and convection and radiation heat transfer in tunnel kilns. Surface roughness values of 0-4mm are investigated for bricks and tunnel boundary. Moreover, another wall roughness of 10mm is considered to explore the effect of major defects in the tunnel boundary. The study is conducted using a three-dimensional CFD-model based on the finite volume method with k-ω turbulence model. The convection heat transfer coefficients enhance by 45 and 97%, and the pressure drop increase by 25.1 and 80.4% as the brick roughness is increased from 0-1mm and 0-4mm, respectively. The ratio of the rate of heat transfer to pumping power reaches its maximum at brick roughness of 2mm. These results provide important knowledge about the acceptable range of brick roughness for manufacturers. The limited increase in heat transfer rates (1.34-3.88%) and pressure drops (7.5-18.2%) are experienced for the tested tunnel boundary roughness (1-10mm). These results are supportive of scheduling the maintenance of tunnel kilns interior structure. Moreover, the enhancement of the radiation heat transfer depends on the brick emissivity and the area ratio of rough to smooth surfaces.

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Effect of Lattice Setting Density on Fluid Flow and Convective Heat Transfer Characteristics of Bricks in Tunnel Kilns

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Combined Effect of Brick Surface Roughness and Lattice Setting Density on Brick Firing in Tunnel Kilns

Combined Effect of Brick Surface Roughness and Lattice Setting Density on Brick Firing in Tunnel Kilns

Artisan Brick Kilns: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

Effect of Surface Roughness on Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Lattice Brick Setting in Tunnel Kilns

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