Effect of hydroxylated solvents on the active constituents of Salvadora persica root “Siwak”

Abdel‐Kader, Maged S.; Shahrani, Khalid S. Al; Alqarni, Mohammed H.; Salkini, Mohammed Ayman; Khamis, Elsadig Hassan; Ghabbour, Hazem A.; Alqasoumi, Saleh I.

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2018.11.001

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These reactions proceed at room temperature and accelerated by heating. The study also indicated that chloroform and acetone did not express any effect on benzyl isothiocyanate (Abdel-Kader et al, 2019). In the current study we focused on the effect of extraction conditions and samples preparation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The effect of solvents revealed that chloroform gave the highest yield of benzyl isothiocyanate followed by acetone and finally ethanol. As a hydroxylated solvent ethanol expected to react with benzyl isothiocyanate leading to very low yield (Abdel-Kader et al, 2019). The loss due to the use of ethanol is great when compared with chloroform under all the used condition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our analysis of some marketed Siwak containing products revealed that none of them contain benzyl isothiocyanate (Abdel-Kader et al, 2017b, Abdel-Kader et al, 2017c, Abdel-Kader et al, 2018). In a previous study the effect of extraction solvents indicated that hydroxylated solvents such as methanol and ethanol react with benzyl isothiocyanate to form the corresponding inactive thiocarbamate derivatives (Abdel-Kader et al, 2019). Other solvents used in the experiments were of analytical grades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of the extraction condition for benzyl isothiocyanate contents in Salvadora persica roots “Siwak”

Abdel‐Kader

Alam

Kamal

et al. 2019

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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Benzyl isothocyanate is the major active antibacterial metabolite in Salvadora persica roots “Siwak” beside two minor isothiocyanate derivatives namely; 3-methoxy benzyl isothiocyanate and 3-hydroxy benzyl isothiocyanate. The extraction condition effect on the amount of benzyl isothiocyanate was explored in detailed study. Both cold and hot extraction with different solvents was applied. The amount of benzyl isothiocyanate was estimated using HPLC and HPTLC. The results indicated that cold extraction of the fresh samples with chloroform offers the maximum amount of benzyl isothiocyanate. Drying process leads to great loss of the active component of Siwak.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of the extraction condition for benzyl isothiocyanate contents in Salvadora persica roots “Siwak”

Abdel‐Kader

Alam

Kamal

et al. 2019

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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“…Moreover, ( Abdel-Kader et al, 2019a ) have examined hydroxylated solvents’ effect on the active components of S. persica root. They found that only solvents with hydroxyl groups reacted with benzyl isothiocyanate and gave products similar to those isolated from the alcohol extracts.…”

Section: Analytical Standardization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvadora persica L.: Toothbrush tree with health benefits and industrial applications – An updated evidence-based review

Farag

Abdel‐Mageed

Gamal

et al. 2021

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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Salvadora persica L. is also known as Arak (in Arabic) and Peelu (in Urdu). Its frequent use as a toothbrush (miswak) is highly recommended by Prophet Muhammad. With a long history in folk medicine for centuries, S. persica was used in oral hygiene, food, cosmetics, fuel, and even as a medicine. Previous phytochemical investigation of its different parts afforded different classes of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, glycosides, sterols, terpenes, carbohydrates and alkaloids. Organic sulfur-containing compounds and elemental sulfur are also present. In addition, there is a huge research on its biological potentials and industrial applications. Many pharmacological activities were reported experimentally, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, analgesic, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, sedative, anticonvulsant, anti-osteoporosis, antidiabetic, hypo-lipidemic, in addition to wound-healing, antidepressant and antitumor activities. Recently, a possible activity against COVID-19 protease was documented by molecular docking. This review tries to provide a recent detailed documentation of folk and modern uses of S. persica, focusing on the possible relations between its chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, and industrial applications. Moreover, a brief about recent analytical and validation methods for the major antimicrobial component is reported.

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“…Other pharmacological properties reported for S. persica include hypolipidemic, antiulcer, anticonvulsant, antimycotic, antidepressant, and analgesic ( Sabbagh et al, 2020 ). The plant is known to contain active ingredients such as oleic acid, salvadourea, salvadorine, linoleic acid, trimethylamine, lignans, etc ( Abdel-Kader et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvadora persica protects libido by reducing corticosterone and elevating the testosterone levels in chronic cigarette smoke exposure rats

Rabbani

Sajid

Mani

et al. 2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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Background & Objectives Cigarette smoke is associated with several diseased states including defects in reproductive behavior. Salvadora persica ( S. persica ) known as the toothbrush plant is reported to possess several pharmacological properties including antidepressants and anxiolytics. The present research was done to determine the libido-protective effect of S. persica in chronic cigarette smoke-exposed rats. Materials and Methods The decoction of freshly dried roots of S. persica (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, oral) was administered to the chronic-cigarette smoke-exposed adult rats. The parameters related to libido were recorded using a close-camera circuit (CCTV). Serum corticosterone and testosterone levels were estimated. Further, the phytochemical constituents were identified in the decoction. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and significance was considered at p < 0.05. Results The observation from the study revealed that cigarette smoke exposure reduces the sexual activity parameters significantly (p < 0.01), besides elevated the serum corticosterone and suppressed the testosterone levels in rats. Administration of S. persica at 200 mg/kg improved significantly (p < 0.05) the parameters related to libido. The decoction also reversed the changes in the levels of tested hormones in serum. Interpretation and Conclusion The findings indicate that a 200 mg/kg S. persica decoction can protect libido in chronic cigarette smoke-exposed rats. The activity may be due to the presence of several phytoconstituents such as alkaloid, flavonoids and phytosterols that might produce vasodilatory effect in sex organs and enhance the synthesis of endogenous testosterone to improve libido characteristics weakened by chronic cigarette smoke exposure.

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Effect of hydroxylated solvents on the active constituents of Salvadora persica root “Siwak”

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Optimization of the extraction condition for benzyl isothiocyanate contents in Salvadora persica roots “Siwak”

Optimization of the extraction condition for benzyl isothiocyanate contents in Salvadora persica roots “Siwak”

Salvadora persica L.: Toothbrush tree with health benefits and industrial applications – An updated evidence-based review

Salvadora persica protects libido by reducing corticosterone and elevating the testosterone levels in chronic cigarette smoke exposure rats

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