Effect of high doses of Fentanyl on myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock in the dog

Mechanism of Action of Opioids and Clinical Effects

“…Opioids also have been demonstrated to induce an anti-arrhythmic effect. This has been shown in the animal for meptazinol [175] and in experimental coronary artery occlusion, using fentanyl, sufentanil and carfentanil respectively [176,177,178] (Figure II-64). The reason for such an antifibrillatory effect seems to be due to the increase in vagal tone [179].…”

Mechanism of Action of Opioids and Clinical Effects

“…Opioids also have been demonstrated to induce an anti-arrhythmic effect. This has been shown in the animal for meptazinol [175] and in experimental coronary artery occlusion, using fentanyl, sufentanil and carfentanil respectively [176,177,178] (Figure II-64). The reason for such an antifibrillatory effect seems to be due to the increase in vagal tone [179].…”

The history and pharmacology of fentanyl: relevance to a novel, long‐acting transdermal fentanyl solution newly approved for use in dogs

“…The impetus for its discovery was to identify an improved human health analgesic over morphine, an opioid frequently associated with nausea, histamine-release, bradycardia, hyper-or hypotension, and prolonged postoperative respiratory depression (Lowenstein, 1971). Early toxicology studies in dogs showed that even large intravenous doses of fentanyl of up to 3 mg ⁄ kg (approximately 600· the recommended dose 0.005 mg ⁄ kg) resulted in only small reductions in cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and arterial pressure, supporting the idea that fentanyl would be a useful human anesthetic agent (Freye, 1974;Liu et al, 1976). As a result, fentanyl citrate was initially introduced for use in humans as an injectable general anesthetic in combination with droperidol and later as a sole injectable agent.…”

The margin of safety of a single application of transdermal fentanyl solution when administered at multiples of the therapeutic dose to laboratory dogs

“…The impetus for its discovery was to identify an improved analgesic over morphine, an opioid frequently associated with histamine release, bradycardia, hyperor hypotension, and prolonged postoperative respiratory depression (Lowenstein, 1971). Early studies in dogs showed that even large intravenous doses of fentanyl in dogs of up to 3 mg ⁄ kg resulted in only small reductions in cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and arterial pressure, supporting the idea that fentanyl would be a useful anesthetic agent (Freye, 1974;Liu et al, 1976). As a result, fentanyl citrate was initially introduced for use in humans as an injectable general anesthetic in combination with droperidol and later as a sole injectable agent.…”

Mechanism of Action of Opioids and Clinical Effects

“…Opioids also have been demonstrated to induce an anti-arrhythmic effect. This has been shown in the animal for meptazinol [175] and in experimental coronary artery occlusion, using fentanyl, sufentanil and carfentanil respectively [176,177,178] (Figure II-64). The reason for such an antifibrillatory effect seems to be due to the increase in vagal tone [179].…”

The history and pharmacology of fentanyl: relevance to a novel, long‐acting transdermal fentanyl solution newly approved for use in dogs

“…The impetus for its discovery was to identify an improved human health analgesic over morphine, an opioid frequently associated with nausea, histamine-release, bradycardia, hyper-or hypotension, and prolonged postoperative respiratory depression (Lowenstein, 1971). Early toxicology studies in dogs showed that even large intravenous doses of fentanyl of up to 3 mg ⁄ kg (approximately 600· the recommended dose 0.005 mg ⁄ kg) resulted in only small reductions in cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and arterial pressure, supporting the idea that fentanyl would be a useful human anesthetic agent (Freye, 1974;Liu et al, 1976). As a result, fentanyl citrate was initially introduced for use in humans as an injectable general anesthetic in combination with droperidol and later as a sole injectable agent.…”

The margin of safety of a single application of transdermal fentanyl solution when administered at multiples of the therapeutic dose to laboratory dogs

“…The impetus for its discovery was to identify an improved analgesic over morphine, an opioid frequently associated with histamine release, bradycardia, hyperor hypotension, and prolonged postoperative respiratory depression (Lowenstein, 1971). Early studies in dogs showed that even large intravenous doses of fentanyl in dogs of up to 3 mg ⁄ kg resulted in only small reductions in cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and arterial pressure, supporting the idea that fentanyl would be a useful anesthetic agent (Freye, 1974;Liu et al, 1976). As a result, fentanyl citrate was initially introduced for use in humans as an injectable general anesthetic in combination with droperidol and later as a sole injectable agent.…”

Mechanism of Action of Opioids and Clinical Effects

“…Opioids also have been demonstrated to induce an anti-arrhythmic effect. This has been shown in the animal for meptazinol [175] and in experimental coronary artery occlusion, using fentanyl, sufentanil and carfentanil respectively [176,177,178] (Figure II-64). The reason for such an antifibrillatory effect seems to be due to the increase in vagal tone [179].…”

The history and pharmacology of fentanyl: relevance to a novel, long‐acting transdermal fentanyl solution newly approved for use in dogs

“…The impetus for its discovery was to identify an improved human health analgesic over morphine, an opioid frequently associated with nausea, histamine-release, bradycardia, hyper-or hypotension, and prolonged postoperative respiratory depression (Lowenstein, 1971). Early toxicology studies in dogs showed that even large intravenous doses of fentanyl of up to 3 mg ⁄ kg (approximately 600· the recommended dose 0.005 mg ⁄ kg) resulted in only small reductions in cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and arterial pressure, supporting the idea that fentanyl would be a useful human anesthetic agent (Freye, 1974;Liu et al, 1976). As a result, fentanyl citrate was initially introduced for use in humans as an injectable general anesthetic in combination with droperidol and later as a sole injectable agent.…”

The margin of safety of a single application of transdermal fentanyl solution when administered at multiples of the therapeutic dose to laboratory dogs

“…The impetus for its discovery was to identify an improved analgesic over morphine, an opioid frequently associated with histamine release, bradycardia, hyperor hypotension, and prolonged postoperative respiratory depression (Lowenstein, 1971). Early studies in dogs showed that even large intravenous doses of fentanyl in dogs of up to 3 mg ⁄ kg resulted in only small reductions in cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and arterial pressure, supporting the idea that fentanyl would be a useful anesthetic agent (Freye, 1974;Liu et al, 1976). As a result, fentanyl citrate was initially introduced for use in humans as an injectable general anesthetic in combination with droperidol and later as a sole injectable agent.…”