Effect of heat stress on reproductive performances of dairy cattle and buffaloes: A review

Dash, Soumya; Chakravarty, A. K.; Singh, Avtar; Upadhyay, Arpan; Singh, Manvendra; Yousuf, Saleem

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2016.235-244

Cited by 168 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In our study, milk production presented moderate levels and were similar among groups, but the negative results could be accentuated in more productive animals, since they present THI -temperature-humidity index; BGHI -black globe-humidity index; HTheat tolerance; RT -rectal temperature; RF -respiratory frequency; CF -cardiac frequency; PS -panting score. high metabolic heat production and lower heat dissipation capacity for the environment (Dash et al, 2016). In the afternoon, positive correlations were found between BGHI and eye, left-area, and post-udder temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Infrared thermography as a method for evaluating the heat tolerance in dairy cows

et al. 2017

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-The objective of this study was to determine whether infrared thermography is a useful tool for the recognition of dairy cows in a state of thermal heat stress, as well as to identify the best region of the animal to be evaluated for this recognition. Physiological variables, including rectal temperature, respiratory frequency, cardiac frequency, and panting score were recorded in 38 lactating cows. For the assessment of environmental parameters, a digital black globe thermometer (TGD-200 model) was used. Thermographic photographs of different regions of the body of cows were taken using an infrared camera (FLIR ® System T300) and indicated respective superficial temperature. Physiological variables and superficial body temperature in different regions varied between genetic groups (Girolando: ½ Holstein × ½ Gir and ¾ Holstein × ¼ Gir; purebred Holstein). The environmental temperature ranged from 20.7 to 37.9 °C with a relative humidity reaching 95%. The mean rectal temperature (40.84 °C), respiratory frequency (111.36 breaths/min), and cardiac frequency (99.22 beats/min) were higher for pure Holstein than for Girolando cows. Positive correlations were found between the physiological parameters and thermographic measures. The highest positive correlation (0.74) was found between the temperature in the lateral region of the udder and rectal temperature. Thermography is a good indicator of thermal comfort. The best region to identify heat stress in cows using thermography is the lateral region of the udder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Infrared thermography as a method for evaluating the heat tolerance in dairy cows

et al. 2017

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“…In cattle under heat load, about 15% of the endogenous heat is lost directly from the body core through the respiratory tract [28]. HS that is characterized by elevated respiratory rates and RTs has been implicated in impaired metabolism and in poor reproductive performance in dairy cattle as well as in dairy buffaloes [26,29] independent of any effects on feed intake. The results of regression analysis between cows and buffaloes RTs and DMIs are presented in Figures-2 and 3, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Egyptian summer season on oxidative stress biomarkers and some physiological parameters in crossbred cows and Egyptian buffaloes

Hady¹,

Melegy²,

Anwar³

2018

Vet World

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Aim:The current study aimed to compare the impact of heat stress (HS) on some physiological functions and blood oxidative stress biomarkers between dry dairy crossbred (Balady X Friesian) cows and buffaloes during Egyptian summer season (July-September). Materials and Methods:A total of 26 healthy animals were equally used in the in the current study. The criterion for cows and buffaloes selection and the management conditions were similar. A total mixed ration to meet the animal's requirements was used, and dry matter intake (DMI) was calculated. Ambient temperature, relative humidity, temperature humidity index (THI), respiratory rate, and rectal temperature (RT) were daily recorded. Meanwhile, live body weight and body condition score were weekly recorded. Blood samples were collected bi-weekly, and plasma samples were harvested for malondialdehyde (MDA) content and enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities determinations throughout the experimental period (8 weeks -prepartum). Results:The results confirmed, the HS condition, as the THI values ranged from 79.74 to 90.4 throughout the experimental period. In both species, HS increased RT and decreased DMI (<10.5 kg/day and 9.5 kg/day in cows and buffaloes, respectively). Buffaloes seemed to be more affected by the hostile environmental condition of this study compared with their respective cows. Buffaloes had recorded up to 1 °C increase in their RTs in most of the point's period compared to cows. There was a continuous increase in MDA values (194.7 and 208.4 nmol/gHb in buffaloes and cows, respectively, 2 weeks prepartum) as the animals come close to parturition with moderate decrements for the enzymatic antioxidant activities in both cows and buffaloes. Conclusion:It can be concluded that during Egyptian's summer season, HS had adversely affected feed intake and consequently animal's production performances.

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“…This unicentric study design is a disadvantage regarding the generalisability of the results, as herd effects can have a significant impact on the success of treatment and prevention strategies. In the case of postpartum uterine diseases, candidate herdspecific factors can be, e.g., the herd-specific basic incidence of retained foetal membranes and APM and treatment regimen of APM, but also the housing (including the extent and duration of heat stress periods) (Burfeind et al 2012;Dash et al 2016) https://doi.org/10.17221/2/2018-VETMED and feeding conditions in the periparturient period (including extent and duration of negative energy and protein balance and alterations in mineral and vitamin status). Remarkably, neutrophil function is significantly impaired in cows with peripartum negative energy balance (Hammon et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the incidence of acute puerperal metritis in primiparous cows by application of pegbovigrastim in a Holstein dairy herd

Freick¹,

Zenker²,

Passarge³

et al. 2018

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:In dairy cows, immunosuppression occurs frequently during the periparturient period and is characterised by transient neutropenia and impaired polymorphonuclear neutrophil function. As a consequence, postpartum cows are more susceptible to production-related diseases such as mastitis, retained foetal membranes and metritis. Recently, it has been shown that a double injection with recombinant bovine granulocyte colonystimulating factor covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG rbG-CSF) increased polymorphonuclear neutrophil number and the exocytosis of myeloperoxidase by stimulating polymorphonuclear neutrophil, which also played a role in innate uterine immune defence. The aim of this randomised clinical study was to investigate the effects of two periparturient PEG rbG-CSF injections (IMR; Imrestor TM , Elanco Animal Health, Bad Homburg/Germany) on the incidence of acute puerperal metritis, number of antibiotic doses required for treatment of acute puerperal metritis as well as parameters of milking performance (i.e., milk yield, milk fat, milk protein, and somatic cell count on the first dairy herd improvement test day) in primiparous cows within a dairy herd with an elevated incidence of acute puerperal metritis. In total, 169 heavily pregnant heifers were randomly assigned to the treatment group (IMR: n = 82) who received 15 mg PEG rbG-CSF subcutaneously 10 ± 3 days before the anticipated calving date and within 24 hours after calving, or to the untreated control group (Co: n = 87). In total, data from 157 animals (IMR: n = 75, Co: n = 82) were analysed. Administration of PEG rbG-CSF reduced the incidence of acute puerperal metritis in primiparous cows significantly (IMR: 22.7%, Co: 43.9%, P = 0.003; relative reduction: 48.3%). Moreover, the number of antibiotic doses per calving required for treatment of acute puerperal metritis was significantly lower in the pegbovigastrim group (IMR: 0.32 ± 0.66, Co: 0.59 ± 0.75, P = 0.005). No significant differences regarding incidence of clinical mastitis, milk production or milk composition were observed. These results suggest that further research should be performed to identify herd-and animal-specific factors that can be predictors of the beneficial effects of pegbovigrastim in preventing uterine diseases.Keywords: cattle; postpartum; uterine diseases; prevention; bovine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; G-CSF List of abbreviations APM = acute puerperal metritis, DIM = days in milk, G-CSF = granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, MPO = myeloperoxidase, PMN = polymorphonuclear neutrophilIn cattle, acute puerperal metritis (APM) occurs within 21 days post partum and is defined by an abnormally enlarged uterus, a fetid, watery, red-brown uterine discharge, a rectal temperature > 39.5 °C and signs of systemic illness (e.g., dullness and decreased milk yield) (Sheldon et al. 2006). The

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Effect of heat stress on reproductive performances of dairy cattle and buffaloes: A review

Cited by 168 publications

References 52 publications

Infrared thermography as a method for evaluating the heat tolerance in dairy cows

Infrared thermography as a method for evaluating the heat tolerance in dairy cows

Impact of the Egyptian summer season on oxidative stress biomarkers and some physiological parameters in crossbred cows and Egyptian buffaloes

Reducing the incidence of acute puerperal metritis in primiparous cows by application of pegbovigrastim in a Holstein dairy herd

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