Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure, Residual Stress, and Corrosion Resistance of UNS 32101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel Weld Joints

Ouali, Naima; Khenfer, Khadidja; Belkessa, Brahim; Fajoui, Jamal; Cheniti, Billel; Idir, Brahim; Branchu, Samuel

doi:10.1007/s11665-019-04194-w

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Uma queda da fração volumétrica da ferrita se explica, pois à medida que se aumenta a energia de soldagem, diminui-se a velocidade de resfriamento de forma que há mais tempo para que a transformação ferrita/austenita se proceda. O mesmo é mostrado nos trabalhos de Fonseca et al (2016), Shi et al (2018) e Ouali et al (2019).…”

Section: Austenita (%)unclassified

Análise Quantitativa das Fases Presentes no Aço Inoxidável Duplex UNS S31803 Soldado pelo Processo MIG/MAG Curto-Circuito Convencional

2020

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Resumo Os riscos envolvidos em função de deterioração de materiais e falhas de equipamentos devido à corrosão ou à corrosão associada a solicitações mecânicas vêm cada vez mais desafiando a engenharia na busca de novos materiais, ligas, revestimentos, inibidores e novas soluções de projetos e desenhos de equipamentos que ofereçam melhor desempenho e vida útil. O aço inoxidável duplex (AID) vem conquistando cada vez mais espaço justamente por possuir tais requisitos. Atribuem-se suas altas resistências à corrosão e mecânica à sua microestrutura balanceada em aproximadamente 50% de ferrita e 50% de austenita. No presente trabalho, chapas de AID UNS S31803 foram soldadas em chanfro de 45° pelo processo MIG/MAG curto circuito convencional, utilizando-se três diferentes energias de soldagem, na faixa de 0,5-0,8 kJ/mm. Os resultados mostraram que o efeito da energia de soldagem sobre a fração volumétrica de ferrita foi bem marcante na zona termicamente afetada (ZTA) e no metal de solda este efeito não foi tão pronunciado. As propriedades mecânicas de dureza e resistência à corrosão (corrosão intergranular) foram avaliadas em função da energia de soldagem empregada. Em geral, tanto a dureza como a resistência à corrosão intergranular não sofreram influência quando as diversas condições de soldagem foram comparadas.

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Section: Austenita (%)unclassified

Análise Quantitativa das Fases Presentes no Aço Inoxidável Duplex UNS S31803 Soldado pelo Processo MIG/MAG Curto-Circuito Convencional

2020

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“…Austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steels (DSS) are very often used in technical practice due to their properties such as sufficient corrosion resistance, very good mechanical properties, and guaranteed weldability [1,2]. The content of austenite and ferrite promoting elements must be balanced in order to achieve the required ratio of the two phases in the structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To eliminate deformation, duplex steels are usually welded with a sufficiently rigid clamping. Nevertheless, as a result, in the weld area, residual stresses with significant peaks are determined [2,[6][7][8]. And right these stress peaks reduce the fatigue life of welded parts under cyclic loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another characteristic that occurs during the welding of duplex steels is a change in the mutual ratio of ferrite and austenite depending on the welding conditions. The heat input value has an especially significant influence, alongside the maximum achieved temperature and used cooling rate [2][3][4][5]9,10]. From works dealing with this issue, it was revealed that when increasing the heat input value and temperature, there is a higher ratio of austenite in the duplex structure [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possibilities to Use Physical Simulations When Studying the Distribution of Residual Stresses in the HAZ of Duplex Steels Welds

et al. 2021

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Dual phase steels combine very good corrosion resistance with relatively high values of mechanical properties. In addition, they can maintain good plastic properties and toughness at both room temperature and lower temperatures as well. Despite all the advantages mentioned above, their utility properties can be reduced by technological processing, especially by the application of the temperature cycles. As a result, in the material remain residual stresses with local stress peaks, which are quite problematic especially during cyclic loading. Moreover, determining the level and especially the distribution of such residual stresses is very difficult for duplex steels both due to the structure duality and in light of the very small width of the heat-affected zone (HAZ). This is why the paper presents the possibilities of using physical simulations to study the effect of temperature cycles in residual stresses’ magnitude and distribution, where it is possible to study the HAZ in more detail as well as on a much larger sample width due to the utilization of special samples. In the thermal–mechanical simulator Gleeble 3500, temperature-stress cycles were applied to testing samples, generating stress fields with local peaks in the testing samples. In addition, the supplied steel X2CrMnNiN21-5-1 had different phase rations in the individual directions. Therefore, as the residual stresses were measured in several directions and at the same time, it was possible to safely confirm the suitability of the used measurement method. Moreover, the effect of the stress and strain on the change of partial phases’ ratios was observed. It has been experimentally confirmed that annealing temperatures of at least 700 °C are required to eliminate local stress peaks after welding. However, an annealing temperature of 550 °C seems to be optimal to maintain sufficient mechanical properties.

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“…Duplex ferritic-austenitic steels are becoming increasingly popular due to their specific properties. They combine the advantages of other groups of high-alloy steels and the most important of them are high strength with good plasticity and corrosion resistance [25][26][27]. The two-phase structure is obtained by appropriate selection of the ratio of ferrite-forming elements (mainly Cr-21-28%) and austenite-forming elements (Ni-1.5-8%, N-0.05-0.3%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autogenous Fiber Laser Welding of 316L Austenitic and 2304 Lean Duplex Stainless Steels

2020

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This study presents results of experimental tests on quality of dissimilar welded joints between 316L austenitic and 2304 lean duplex stainless steels, welded without ceramic backing. Fiber laser welded butt joints at a thickness of 8 mm were subjected to non-destructive testing (visual and penetrant), destructive testing (static tensile test, bending test, and microhardness measurements) and structure observations (macro- and microscopic examinations, SEM, element distribution characteristics, and ferrite content measurements). Non-destructive tests and metallographic examinations showed that the welded joints meet the acceptance criteria for B level in accordance with EN ISO 13919–1 standard. Also the results of the destructive tests confirmed the high quality of the joints: specimens were fractured in base material with lower strength—316L austenitic stainless steel and a 180° bending angle was obtained confirming the high plasticity of the joints. Microscopic examination, SEM and EDS analysis showed the distribution of alloying elements in joints. The microhardness of the autogenous weld metal was higher by about 20 HV0.2 than that of the lean duplex steel. Ferrite content in the root was about 37% higher than in the face of the weld. The Schaeffler phase diagram was used to predict the phase composition of the welded joints and sufficient compliance with the magnetic method was found. The presented procedure can be used for welding of 316L–2304 stainless steels dissimilar welded joints of 8 mm thickness without ceramic backing.

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Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure, Residual Stress, and Corrosion Resistance of UNS 32101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel Weld Joints

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Análise Quantitativa das Fases Presentes no Aço Inoxidável Duplex UNS S31803 Soldado pelo Processo MIG/MAG Curto-Circuito Convencional

Análise Quantitativa das Fases Presentes no Aço Inoxidável Duplex UNS S31803 Soldado pelo Processo MIG/MAG Curto-Circuito Convencional

Possibilities to Use Physical Simulations When Studying the Distribution of Residual Stresses in the HAZ of Duplex Steels Welds

Autogenous Fiber Laser Welding of 316L Austenitic and 2304 Lean Duplex Stainless Steels

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