Effect of Fresnel reflections in a hybrid air-core photonic-bandgap fiber ring-resonator gyro

Abstract

A novel hybrid polarization-maintaining (PM) air-core photonic bandgap fiber (PBF) ring resonator is firstly demonstrated by using a conventional solid-core PM fiber optical coupler formed by splicing a section of PM air-core PBF into the resonator. Due to Fresnel reflections exist at the two junctions between the air-core PBF and the solid-core fiber, the forward output signal of this hybrid ring resonator is the normal resonant curve with the superposition of the lightwaves that experienced even numbers of Fresnel reflections and the backward output signal is composed of lightwaves that experienced odd numbers of Fresnel reflections. Rigorous derivations of the forward and backward output signals are given out. The biggest resonant depth and finesse of the hybrid air-core PBF ring resonator predicted are 0.352 and 6.3 respectively by assuming a splice loss of 1.8 dB per junction. These predictions are finally confirmed by testing both the forward and backward output signals of the hybrid ring resonator. With the countermeasures against the influences of the odd numbers of Fresnel reflections, a bias stability of 0.007°/s is successfully demonstrated in a hybrid PM air-core PBF ring-resonator gyro.

Hollow-core resonator fiber optic gyroscope using nodeless anti-resonant fiber

“…By using a polarization maintaining HC-PBGF and a hybrid solid/hollow resonator, Yan et al improved this to 25 deg/hr stability [2] at τ≈0. 1 hr [11]. More recently, Suo et al [2] demonstrated the beneficial aspects of anti-resonant guiding HCF, showing 0.…”

Design and analysis of a freeform surface lens coupler applied in hollow‐core photonic crystal fiber resonant optic gyros

“…They exhibit high fiber splicing loss when fusing with glass-core fibers. 8 Kristensen et al studied the fusion splicing between PMF and hollow-core fiber, and the fusion loss reached 0.62 ± 0.24 dB, but it is still a stochastic process, and the strength of the fusion point between hollow-core fiber and PMF is usually very fragile. 9 In addition, nested antiresonant nodeless fiber (NANF) has been significantly developed this year, and transmission loss reached 1.3 dB/km.…”

“…However, HCPCFs are not compatible with conventional fiber couplers. They exhibit high fiber splicing loss when fusing with glass‐core fibers 8 . Kristensen et al studied the fusion splicing between PMF and hollow‐core fiber, and the fusion loss reached 0.62 ± 0.24 dB, but it is still a stochastic process, and the strength of the fusion point between hollow‐core fiber and PMF is usually very fragile 9 .…”

Realization of Hollow-Core Photonic-Crystal Fiber Optic Gyro Based on Low-Noise Multi-Frequency Lasers with Intermediate-Frequency Difference

“…The generation of multiple-frequency lasers with low relative phase noise and radio wavelength frequency differences is the key requirement for the differential detection scheme [7,8]. For HC-RFOGs, the required frequency differences between the lasers are usually only in the order of tens of MHz [9][10][11].…”