Effect of Flunarizine on Experimentally Induced Facial Nerve Injury

Takimoto, Isao; Fujibayashi, Keiko

doi:10.3109/00016488709121858

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Calcium ions play important roles in neuronal plasticity of a regenerating nerve as well as in neuronal cell death after nerve lesions (Gispen et al, 1988; Takimoto and Fujibayashi, 1988). Growth cone motility is dependent on the regulation of calcium for optimal sprouting (Goldberg, 1988; Kater et al, 1988; Meyer, 1989; Kater and Mills, 1991; Gomez et al, 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nimodipine promotes regeneration and functional recovery after intracranial facial nerve crush

Mattsson

Janson

Aldskogius

et al. 2001

J of Comparative Neurology

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The calcium flow inhibitor, nimodipine, has been shown to promote motor neuron survival in the facial nucleus after intracranial facial nerve transection. However, it has not been known whether the neuroprotective effects primarily involve survival of nerve cell bodies or outgrowth and/or myelination of nerve fibers. Here, we studied the effects of nimodipine in a different injury model in which the facial nerve was unilaterally crushed intracranially. This lesion caused complete anterograde degeneration and partial retrograde degeneration that were studied with a combination of several stereological methods. Nimodipine did not attenuate the modest lesion-induced neuronal loss (13%) but accelerated the time course of functional recovery and axonal regrowth, inducing increased numbers and sizes of myelinated axons in the facial nerve. It is interesting to note that nimodipine also enlarged the axons and the myelin sheaths in the nonlesioned facial nerve, which points to the possibility of using this substance for new clinical applications to promote axonal growth and remyelination.

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confidence: 99%

Nimodipine promotes regeneration and functional recovery after intracranial facial nerve crush

Mattsson

Janson

Aldskogius

et al. 2001

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…The resultant intracellular free Ca2+overload triggers a wide array of chain reactions, which eventually may lead to cell death [34,35]. Therefore,an agent preventing the excessive influx of Ca’+ might attenuate cellular damage caused by mechanical neuronal injury and thus improve neuronal recovery [36]. By reducing the amount of calcium influx into the axoplasm of the resprouting nerve fiber, the treatment with verapamil may provide the necessary optimum level (“set-point”) of Ca’+ influxthat promotes accelerated growth cone elongation[37-39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Local Administration of Verapamil Combined with Chitosan Based Hybrid Nanofiber Conduit on Transected Sciatic Nerve in Rat

Mohajer¹,

Raisi²,

Farjanikish³

et al. 2019

BEAT

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Objective:To assess the effect of locally administered verapamil on transected peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery.Methods:Sixty male healthy white Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups (n=15), randomly: In transected group (TC), left sciatic nerve was transected and stumps were fixed in the adjacent muscle. In treatment group defect was bridged using chitosan tube (CHIT/Verapamil) filled with 10 µL verapamil (100ng/mL). In chitosan conduit group (CHIT), the tube was filled with phosphate-buffered saline alone. In sham-operated group (SHAM), sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. The repair trend was examined based on behavioral and performance tests as well as the variations of the gastrocnemius muscle, morphometric indices, and immunohistochemical indices.Results:Sciatic nerve functional study, muscle mass and morphometric indices confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in CHIT/Verapamil than CHIT group (P = 0.001). When loaded in a chitosan tube verapamil accelerated and improved functional recovery and morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the S-100 protein was vastly present in the transverse nerve sections and the myelin sheath. In the treatment group (chit/verapamil), the immunohistochemical susceptibility of the axons being repaired and the axons in the myelin sheath to S-100 protein was higher than the other groups.Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that a single local application of verapamil could accelerate functional recovery after transection of sciatic nerve.

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“…It is well known that peripheral nerve injury disrupts the permeability barrier function of the plasma membrane, allowing an influx of Ca2+ down a steep electrochemical gradient between the outside and the inside of the cell (Borgens 1988).The resultant intracellular free Ca2+ overload triggers a wide array of chain reactions, which eventually may lead to cell death (Choi 1988;Schanne et al, 1979). Therefore, an agent preventing the excessive influx of Ca'+ might attenuate cellular damage caused by mechanical neuronal injury and thus improve neuronal recovery (Takimoto et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Administration of Nimodipine and Improvement of Functional Recovery of the Transected Sciatic Nerve after Bridging with Inside-out Artery Graft

Mohammadi¹,

Alijanpour²,

Alijanpour³

et al. 2015

IJN

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Nimodipine is a US Food and Drug Administration approved drug that has been shown to act as a possible pharmacologic treatment for facial nerve injury. The objective was to assess the effect of locally administered nimodipine on transected peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Sixty male healthy white Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups (n = 15), randomly: In transected group (TC), left sciatic nerve was transected and stumps were fixed in the adjacent muscle. In treatment group defect was bridged using an inside-out artery graft (IOAG/Nimodipine) filled with 10 μL nimodipine (100 ng/mL). In artery graft group (IOAG), the graft was filled with phosphate-buffered saline alone. In sham-operated group (SHAM), sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups of five animals each and regenerated nerve fibers were studied 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery. Behavioral testing, biomechanical studies, sciatic nerve functional study, gastrocnemius muscle mass and morphometric indices confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in IOAG/Nimodipine than IOAG group (p < 0.05). In immunohistochemistry, location of reactions to S-100 in IOAG/Nimodipine was clearly more positive than that in IOAG group.When loaded in an artery graft nimodipine accelerated and improved functional recovery and morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. This may have clinical implications for the surgical management of patients after facial nerve transection.

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Effect of Flunarizine on Experimentally Induced Facial Nerve Injury

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Nimodipine promotes regeneration and functional recovery after intracranial facial nerve crush

Nimodipine promotes regeneration and functional recovery after intracranial facial nerve crush

Effect of Local Administration of Verapamil Combined with Chitosan Based Hybrid Nanofiber Conduit on Transected Sciatic Nerve in Rat

Local Administration of Nimodipine and Improvement of Functional Recovery of the Transected Sciatic Nerve after Bridging with Inside-out Artery Graft

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