Effect of Fabric Factors on the Mechanical Behavior of Foliated Rocks: A Particle Flow Approach

Yin, Xiaomeng; Huang, Yajun; Zhang, Aiming; Lei, Yuju

doi:10.1007/s10706-022-02321-4

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Comparing different orientations, a trend of decreasing elastic modulus is observed from the X ‐direction samples to the Y ‐ or Z ‐direction samples under the same conditions (Figure S1). This is consistent with previous experimental results (e.g., Rawling et al., 2002; Yin et al., 2022) and theoretical predictions (e.g., Tien & Tsao, 2000). Rawling et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This is consistent with previous experimental results (e.g., Rawling et al, 2002;Yin et al, 2022) and theoretical predictions (e.g., Tien & Tsao, 2000). Rawling et al (2002) and Yin et al (2022) found an overall decrease in the elastic modulus with increasing β. This comparison suggests that Z-direction samples more easily deform plastically than X-direction samples, which is also supported by the macrostructural and microstructural observations that uniform internal deformation occurs in all of these Z-direction samples (Figure 4) and that the dehydration melting of biotite increases significantly with increasing temperature (Figure 7).…”

Section: Effect Of Spo On the Deformation Behavior And Mechanism Of R...supporting

confidence: 93%

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A Granitic Mylonite Is Strongest Parallel to Lineation in a High‐Temperature Plastic Field

Shao,

Wang,

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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The effects of preexisting fabrics on the flow laws and anisotropic deformation of rocks require further study. We conducted triaxial compression experiments on a granitic mylonite parallel to lineation (X), perpendicular to lineation and parallel to foliation (Y), and perpendicular to foliation (Z) under a pressure of 300 MPa, temperatures of 800–1,000°C, and strain rates of ∼2.5 × 10−6–10−4 s−1 using a Paterson gas‐medium apparatus. The low stress exponent (n = 1.9–5.8), high activation energy (Q = 325–802 kJ/mol), and macrostructures (distributed for most samples) and microstructures (such as kinked, folded and elongated biotite, elongated quartz and feldspar, microcracks within quartz and feldspar, and melt wetting and dissolution of quartz and feldspar) suggest that the deformation is dominated by dislocation creep, along with brittle regime at ≤∼850°C and likely diffusion creep at ≥900°C. Dehydration melting of biotite causes more obvious melt wetting of quartz and feldspar boundaries, lower n values at ≥950°C, and the maximum changes in n and Q along the Z‐direction, since the biotite alignment defines the foliation. Under the same conditions, the X‐direction samples consistently display the greatest strengths, which would have been for the Z‐direction samples as reported previously, and most obvious deformation localization, mainly due to the alignment of the elongated quartz and feldspar along this direction. Microcracks always occur in quartz but are tensile when compressed perpendicular to the foliation plane and compressively sheared when shortened parallel to the foliation plane. These tensile microcracks further weaken the rock samples with axes perpendicular to foliation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Effect Of Spo On the Deformation Behavior And Mechanism Of R...supporting

confidence: 93%

A Granitic Mylonite Is Strongest Parallel to Lineation in a High‐Temperature Plastic Field

Shao,

Wang,

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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Evaluation of Strength Anisotropy in Foliated Metamorphic Rocks: A Review Focused on Microscopic Mechanisms

Waqas,

Qureshi,

Saqib

et al. 2024

Geosciences

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This review paper addresses the recent and past advancements in investigating the anisotropic behavior of foliated metamorphic rock strength subjected to uniaxial or triaxial compression loading, direct or indirect tensile loading, and shear loading. The experimental findings published in the literature show that the strength of foliated rocks is significantly affected by varying the angle β between weak planes and major principal stress. A higher value of strength is reported at β = 0° or 90°; whereas a low strength value is noted at intermediate angles between β = 0° and 90°. The strength anisotropy depends on the degree of schistosity or gneissosity, which is the result of the preferred arrangement of phyllosilicate minerals under differential pressures. The failure of foliated rocks starts at the microscopic scale because of the dislocation slip, plastic kinking, and fracturing in phyllosilicate minerals such as mica. Tensile wing cracks at the tip of the mica propagate parallel to the deviatoric stress. Then, intergranular and intragranular shear-tensile cracks coalesce and lead to rock failure. The weak planes’ orientation controls the mode of failure such that tensile splitting, slip failure, and shear failure across foliations are observed at β = 0°–30°, β = 30°–60°, β = 60°–90° respectively. In the past, several attempts have been made to formulate failure criteria to estimate rock strength using different mathematical and empirical approaches. Over the years, the trend has shifted towards discontinuum modeling to simulate rock failure processes and to solve problems from laboratory to upscaled levels.

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Effect of Fabric Factors on the Mechanical Behavior of Foliated Rocks: A Particle Flow Approach

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

A Granitic Mylonite Is Strongest Parallel to Lineation in a High‐Temperature Plastic Field

A Granitic Mylonite Is Strongest Parallel to Lineation in a High‐Temperature Plastic Field

Evaluation of Strength Anisotropy in Foliated Metamorphic Rocks: A Review Focused on Microscopic Mechanisms

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