Effect of Energy‐Reduced Diets High in Dairy Products and Fiber on Weight Loss in Obese Adults

Abstract

Objective: Studies suggest that high-dairy and high-fiber/ low-glycemic index diets may facilitate weight loss, but data are conflicting. The effects on weight loss and body fat of a high-dairy diet and a diet high in dairy and fiber and low in glycemic index were compared with a standard diet. Research Methods and Procedures: Ninety obese subjects were recruited into a randomized trial of three diets designed to provide a calorie deficit of 500 calories/d over a 48-week period. The study compared a moderate (not low)-calcium diet with a high-calcium diet. Results: Seventy-two subjects completed the study. Significant weight and fat loss occurred with all three diets. A diet with 1400 mg of calcium did not result in greater weight (11.8 ؎ 6.1 kg) or fat (9.0 ؎ 6.0 kg) loss than a diet with 800 mg of calcium (10.0 ؎ 6.8 and 7.5 ؎ 6.6 kg, respectively). A diet with 1400 mg of calcium, increased fiber content, and fewer high-glycemic index foods did not result in greater weight (10.6 ؎ 6.8 kg) or fat (8.5 ؎ 7.8 kg) loss than the standard diet with 800 mg of calcium. Lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, leptin, fasting glucose, and insulin improved significantly, but there were no significant differences between the experimental diets and the control diet. Discussion: We found no evidence that diets higher than 800 mg of calcium in dairy products or higher in fiber and lower in glycemic index enhance weight reduction beyond what is seen with calorie restriction alone.

Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fat mass loss in female very low-calcium consumers: potential link with a calcium-specific appetite control

“…The present results showed, in agreement with others (3,18) , that a calciumþD supplementation induced no statistically significant increase in fat mass loss in response to an energy restriction. On the other hand, and also in accordance with studies in low-calcium consumers (1,2) , women in the present study characterized by a calcium intake ,600 mg/d who received the calciumþD experienced a weight and fat loss more than four times that observed in their placebo counterparts who did not lose weight significantly despite their efforts to comply with the dietitian's nutritional guidelines.…”

Dairy consumption and circulating levels of inflammatory markers among Iranian women

“…Supplementation with a milk drink for 12 weeks in hypertensive adults had no significant impact on inflammatory marker levels like CRP and IL-6 (44) . Not only dairy consumption (40)(41)(42)(43) , but also supplementation with Ca and vitamin D (two major components of dairy products) for 3 years could not affect systemic inflammation (35) . However, in two recent clinical trials (45,46) , vitamin D supplementation markedly reduced the serum levels of CRP and IL-6.…”

Effect of dairy consumption on weight and body composition in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials

“…50 Narrative reviews that considered the effect of increasing dairy intake along with energy restriction have reached conflicting findings. For instance, Dougkas et al 3 found five RCTs with energy restriction in their review, and reported that three studies showed no evidence, 33,43,44 whereas two studies 27,28 found significant effect of increasing dairy consumption along with weight loss diets on weight reduction. However, the search methodology used by Dougkas et al 3 seems to be incomplete because we found 11 studies that assessed the effect of dairy-rich weight loss diets on weight change.…”