Effect of Drought Stress on Total Phenolic, Lipid Peroxidation, and Antioxidant Activity of Achillea Species

Abstract

The changes in total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, and antioxidant activity were assessed based on three model systems in three Achillea species (Achillea millefolium, A. nobilis, and A. filipendulina) growing under four irrigation regimes, including 100% FC (field capacity as normal irrigation) 75% FC (low stress), 50% FC (moderate stress), and 25% FC (severe stress) conditions. The highest TPC (47.13 mg tannic acid/g DW) and TFC (20.86 mg quercetin/g W) were obtained in A. filipendulina under moderate and severe stress conditions. In 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the highest and the lowest antioxidant activity was obtained for A. millefolium (70.28%) and A. filipendulina (53.21%), respectively, while in the FTC model system A. nobilis revealed the highest antioxidant activity (1.934) in severe drought condition. In the linoleic model system, the highest antioxidant activity was observed under low drought stress condition in A. nobilis. MDA and H2O2 content were increased due to both low (75% FC) and moderate (50% FC) drought stress, but they were decreased under severe stress condition (25% FC). Furthermore, A. millefolium revealed the lowest H2O2 (4.96 nm/g FW) and MDA content (176.32 μmol/g). Investigation of the relationship among different metabolites showed a strong positive correlation with TPC and TFC. Finally, the moderate drought stress treatment (50% FC) was introduced as the optimum condition to obtain appreciable TPC and TFC,, while the highest antioxidant activity was obtained in severe stress condition (25%FC).

Variations in Essential Oil Composition and Antioxidant Activity in Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. Collected from Different Regions in Iran

“…The results reported by Ashraf et al [38] on the DPPH contents of P. abrotanoides leaves and stems were not comparable with ours, probably due to differences in standards and experimental conditions. [39] However, our results are confirmed by those obtained for seven Salvia species by Aghaei Jeshvaghani et al [36] who reported IC 50 values in the range of 198 lg/ml in S. virgata to 1810 lg/ml in S. persica. It might be concluded that some Salvia species recorded antioxidant activities within the range obtained for the Perovskia populations investigated in the present study while others exhibited lower capacities.…”

“…on the DPPH contents of P . abrotanoides leaves and stems were not comparable with ours, probably due to differences in standards and experimental conditions . However, our results are confirmed by those obtained for seven Salvia species by Aghaei Jeshvaghani et al .…”

Endophytes from wild cereals protect wheat plants from drought by alteration of physiological responses of the plants to water stress

“…Phenolic compounds, which are another class of metabolites that accumulate in plants upon drought stress (Gharibi et al ., ), also showed differences between the untreated and endophyte‐treated plants. Levels of caffeic and ferulic acids increased in the leaves of uninoculated plants under stress, whereas S. implicatum‐ infected plants accumulated moderate levels of both compounds and A. sclerotigenum ‐treated plants did not show a significant difference in the amounts of these metabolites under optimal or drought conditions (Fig.…”

“…Phenolic compounds, which are another class of metabolites that accumulate in plants upon drought stress (Gharibi et al, 2016), also showed differences between the untreated Combined sequences of the ITS regions and ef1-α genes of the two isolates were used in a BLAST search the NCBI nonredundant fungal database. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the most closely related sequences was constructed by the neighbour-joining method.…”

Physicochemical Properties and Storage Stability of Microencapsulated DHA-Rich Oil with Different Wall Materials

“…As a result, DHA-rich oil is easily oxidized and loses its physiological functions. In addition, this oxidized oil can produce a number of harmful substances in the human body, and its peculiar smell is not acceptable to most consumers [6]. Thus, a stable antioxidative process must be established to maintain the original physiological and storage properties of PUFAs.…”