Effect of dose and dose rate of gamma irradiation on the formation of micronuclei in bone marrow cells isolated from whole‐body‐irradiated mice

Abstract

It is well‐known that the cytotoxicity and mutagenic effects of high dose rate (HDR) ionizing radiation (IR) are increased by increasing the dose but less is known about the effects of chronic low dose rate (LDR). In vitro, we have shown that in addition to the immediate interaction of IR with DNA (the direct and indirect effects), low doses and chronic LDR exposure induce endogenous oxidative stress. During elevated oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) react with DNA modifying its structure. Here, BL6 mice were exposed to IR at LDR and HDR and were then sacrificed 3 hours and 3 weeks after exposure to examine early and late effects of IR. The levels of micronuclei, MN, were determined in bone marrow cells. Our data indicate that the effects of 200 mGy on MN‐induction are transient, but 500 and 1000 mGy (both HDR and LDR) lead to increased levels of MN up to 3 weeks after the exposure.

Mechanical and radiation shielding properties of SWCNT reinforced polymer/glass fiber fabric‐based nanocomposite containing different filler materials: A comparative study

“…12,13 In particular, in the case of human health, this can cause cancer, cell mutation, component failure, organ damage, radiation sickness, and other detrimental effects. 14 Hence, protection against the unfavorable effects of inadvertent radiation on the environment and human health is essential.…”

“…However, being highly powerful and penetrating in nature, unnecessary exposure to the mentioned radiation may pose a detrimental impact on the environment, human health, and other materials 12,13 . In particular, in the case of human health, this can cause cancer, cell mutation, component failure, organ damage, radiation sickness, and other detrimental effects 14 . Hence, protection against the unfavorable effects of inadvertent radiation on the environment and human health is essential.…”