Effect of Different Intrauterine Oxytetracycline Treatment on Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows with Clinical Endometritis and Determination of Oxytetracycline Residues in Milk

Makki, Meysam; Gheisari, Hamid Reza; Ahmadi, Mohammad Rahim

doi:10.16988/iuvfd.2016.67068

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Moreover, OTC has a major role in the anaerobic environment of the uterus after parturition (Kaczmarowski et al, ; Sheldon & Dobson, ). We previously observed antibiotic residues in milk samples at different times after treatment of CE with intrauterine oxytetracycline, which can entail economic losses for livestock producers (Makki et al, ). Despite the reproductive performance similar to other treatment groups in this study, the use of intrauterine OTC for the treatment of clinical endometritis seems sceptical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the presence of antibiotic residues in milk after intrauterine infusion of OTC (Makki, Gheisari, & Ahmadi, ; Tan, Huang, Jiang, & Hu, ) and the emergence of multidrug resistance in T. pyogenes and E. coli species (Santos et al, ), it is probably necessary to utilize the hypertonic solution of 50% dextrose as a non‐antibiotic treatment in cows with CE (Brick et al, ). The results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests indicated that T. pyogenes can be resistant to the common antimicrobial agents (tetracycline, penicillin, enrofloxacin and ceftiofur) employed in intrauterine treatment (Yavari, Haghkhah, & Ahmadi, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the presence of antibiotic residues in milk after intrauterine infusion of OTC (Makki, Gheisari, & Ahmadi, 2016;Tan, Huang, Jiang, & Hu, 2007) and the emergence of multidrug resistance in T.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of hypertonic dextrose and paraffin solution as non‐antibiotic treatments of clinical endometritis on reproductive performance of high producing dairy cows

Ahmadi

Makki

Mirzaei

et al. 2019

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Contents The objective of this study was to compare the reproductive performance of cows affected by clinical endometritis (CE) following treatment with an intrauterine infusion of 50% dextrose solutions (DEX) and liquid paraffin (LP) as alternative therapies with routine treatments including PGF2α injection and intrauterine infusion of oxytetracycline (OTC). Moreover, the reproductive indices of cows treated with endometritis were compared with those of healthy ones. At postpartum reproductive tract examination (28–35 DIM) in one Iranian dairy farm, cows with CE without any selection were assigned to four groups: (a) OTC, a common treatment in Iran, was administered (5 g) to 396 cows, (b) PGF2α (PG) was injected to 496 cows, (c) dextrose solution (DEX): intrauterine infusion of 50% dextrose solution (200 ml) was done in 427 cows, and (d) liquid paraffin (LP) was administered (100 ml) to 423 cows via intrauterine route. We further assigned 2,233 clinically healthy cows to the control group. The incidence of endometritis was 41.6% in this study. Based on the results of reproductive indices including median days to first AI, days open (DO), first service conception rate, conception rate in 2nd and 3rd services, conception rate in all three services, pregnancy rate < 100 days and pregnancy rate < 200 days, except for median days to first AI in other reproductive indexes, reproductive performance was significantly lower in LP group compared with the healthy cows and other treatment groups (p < 0.05). Except for the first service conception rate and proportion of cows pregnant before 100 days in milk (DIM), there existed no significant difference between the DEX group and the control as far as reproductive performance is concerned (p ≥ 0.05). The first service conception rate was recognizably lower in DEX group compared with OTC and PG (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of a non‐antibiotic special solution of dextrose 50% is a good alternative to antibiotic agents concerning the treatment of CE in dairy cows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of hypertonic dextrose and paraffin solution as non‐antibiotic treatments of clinical endometritis on reproductive performance of high producing dairy cows

Ahmadi

Makki

Mirzaei

et al. 2019

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…Published studies reported pharmacokinetics of long-acting oxytetracycline formulations in lactating cows based on plasma and milk concentrations after systemic administration of the antibiotic [ 13 ]. Its penetration in plasma and milk after intrauterine administration in cows with metritis was described [ 14 , 15 ]. The disposition in the milk was studied for determination of withdrawal time [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytetracycline Pharmacokinetics After Intramuscular Administration in Cows with Clinical Metritis Associated with Trueperella Pyogenes Infection

et al. 2020

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Systemic therapy with oxytetracycline is often used for treatment of clinical metritis although data about its penetration into the uterus and uterine secretion are lacking. Uterine secretions and milk from six cows with clinical metritis were collected for microbiological assay. The animals were treated intramuscularly with long-acting oxytetracycline (20 mg/kg) and samples of plasma, milk and uterine secretions were collected for determination of the antibiotic concentrations by HPLC-PDA analysis. Pharmacokinetics of the antibiotic and in silico prediction of its penetration into the uterus were described. Trueperella pyogenes with MIC values of 16–64 µg mL−1 was isolated (n of cows = 4) from uterine secretions. Oxytetracycline showed fast absorption and penetration in the uterine secretions and milk. No change of withdrawal time for milk was necessitated in cows with clinical metritis. Maximum levels in uterine secretions and predicted concentrations of oxytetracycline in the uterus were lower than MIC values. Systemic administration of long-acting oxytetracycline did not guarantee clinical cure and was not a suitable choice for treatment of clinical metritis associated with Trueperella pyogenes. The appropriate approach to antibiotic treatment of uterine infections of cows requires knowledge on penetration of the antibiotics at the site of infection and sensitivity of pathogens.

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“…Increasing the severity of metritis, accompanied by a compromised barrier of the endometrium and a delay in involution, leads to a higher absorption of oxytetracycline from the uterus and results in higher milk concentrations of the drug, which leads to a withdrawal time issue [ 15 ]. According to other authors, the intrauterine absorption of oxytetracycline is poor but residues can be still of concern [ 16 , 17 ]. The available information about the oxytetracycline concentrations in the uterine tissues and uterine secretion is based on the intravenous and uterine administration of the antibiotic in healthy cows [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytetracycline Persistence in Uterine Secretion after Intrauterine Administration in Cows with Metritis

Mileva

Karadaev

Fasulkov

et al. 2022

Animals

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Puerperal metritis in cows is often treated with antibacterial drugs. The prudent use of antibiotics in farm animals requires state-of-the-art knowledge of their pharmacokinetics and data from sensitivity tests of pathogenic bacteria. Changes in oxytetracycline levels in the uterine secretion over time after intrauterine administration in cows with metritis were evaluated in relation to the sensitivity of pathogenic bacterial isolates. Oxytetracycline levels in plasma, milk and uterine secretion were determined via LC–MS/MS analysis. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated and their sensitivity to oxytetracycline was determined. The concentrations of oxytetracycline in the uterine secretion were 433.79 (39.17–1668.76) µg·mL−1 six hours after the third application at a dose of 8 mg/kg and 84.33 (1.58–467.55) µg·mL−1 96 h after the last treatment. These levels were higher than the minimum inhibitory concentrations—namely, between 4 and 64 µg·mL−1—against pathogenic isolates Trueperella pyogenes, Streptococcus intermedius, Escherichia coli and Bacillus pumilis. Higher concentrations over time were measured in milk rather than in plasma, indicating the need to monitor the withdrawal time for milk. The intrauterine infusion of oxytetracycline for three consecutive days resulted in the successful treatment of metritis in terms alleviating inflammation and restoring the estrus cycle in cows.

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Effect of Different Intrauterine Oxytetracycline Treatment on Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows with Clinical Endometritis and Determination of Oxytetracycline Residues in Milk

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of hypertonic dextrose and paraffin solution as non‐antibiotic treatments of clinical endometritis on reproductive performance of high producing dairy cows

Effects of hypertonic dextrose and paraffin solution as non‐antibiotic treatments of clinical endometritis on reproductive performance of high producing dairy cows

Oxytetracycline Pharmacokinetics After Intramuscular Administration in Cows with Clinical Metritis Associated with Trueperella Pyogenes Infection

Oxytetracycline Persistence in Uterine Secretion after Intrauterine Administration in Cows with Metritis

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