Effect of dietary DP/DE ratio on apparent digestibility, growth and nitrogen and phosphorus retention in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum)

Lanari, D.; D’Agaro, Edo; Ballestrazzi, Rodolfo

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2095.1995.tb00025.x

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thus, the improvement in fish performance that accompanied the use of higher energy (lipid) diets required a concomitant increase in dietary CP. This differs from the findings with salmonids (Cho 1992;Hillestad & Johnsen 1994;Lanari, D'Agaro & Ballestrazzi 1995), in which high-lipid diets have been used to obtain considerable sparing of dietary CP. Further studies are needed to determine the usefulness of high-energy (lipid) diets for barramundi.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Potential of meat meal to replace fish meal in extruded dry diets for barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch). I. Growth performance

Williams

Barlow

Rodgers

et al. 2002

Aquaculture Research

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Juvenile barramundi (∼220–280 g start weight) were fed extruded dry‐pelleted diets containing varying amounts of fish meal and meat meal in three experiments (E). E1 and E2 were each 66‐day farm studies utilizing 16 floating cages (400 fish per cage) in an aerated freshwater pond. E3 examined the same diets as fed in E2 but under controlled water temperature (28 ± 0.7 °C) and photoperiod (12:12) laboratory conditions in a 42‐day study involving 24 aquaria (eight fish per aquarium). In all studies, the same 430 g kg−1 crude protein (CP), 15 kJ g−1 digestible energy (DE) control (Ctl) diet (containing 35% Chilean anchovy fish meal) was compared with two high‐inclusion meat meal diets and a proprietary diet. The meat meal diets evaluated in E1 were a high‐ash (260 g kg−1) meat meal that contained 520 g kg−1 CP and a low‐ash (140 g kg−1) meat meal that contained 600 g kg−1 CP when included at either 450 or 400 g kg−1, respectively, in combination with 100 g kg−1 Chilean fish meal in diets that were isonitrogenous and isoenergetic with the Ctl diet. Growth rates and feed conversions were similar (P > 0.05) for all diets. In E2 and E3, the 520 g kg−1 CP meat meal was included at 500 g kg−1 without any marine protein source in diets formulated to provide either 15 or 16.2 kJ g−1 DE and the same CP/DE ratio (29 mg kJ−1) as the Ctl diet. Fish performance ranking of diets was similar in both experiments, with the 16.2 kJ g−1 DE diet supporting better (P < 0.05) growth rates than the Ctl diet and feed conversion ratios equivalent to the Ctl diet but better (P < 0.05) than all other diets.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Potential of meat meal to replace fish meal in extruded dry diets for barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch). I. Growth performance

Williams

Barlow

Rodgers

et al. 2002

Aquaculture Research

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“…Lee and Putnam 17 also observed that inclusion of up to 24% fat in 36–53% protein level diets for rainbow trout had no negative influence on the growth and feed conversion. In addition, beneficial effects of current salmonid diets containing high levels of fat have been demonstrated 18,19 . However, utilization of fat and carbohydrate by trout under self‐feeding conditions seems slightly different to the studies conducted with the manual meal‐feeding method mentioned above, that is, the highest fat to carbohydrate ratio diet (S9) resulted in somewhat reduced growth and protein utilization compared to the diet with the second highest ratio (S18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of dietary fat and carbohydrate levels on growth and body composition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss under self-feeding conditions

Yamamoto¹,

Koyama

Taguchi³

et al. 2001

Fisheries Sci

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SUMMARY: An 8‐week feeding experiment was conducted to examine the influence of fat and carbohydrate levels in a 40% protein level diet on growth and body composition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss under self‐feeding conditions. Five fish meal‐based diets were prepared to include gelatinized potato starch at four levels (9, 18, 27, and 36%) and dextrin (34%). Dietary fat levels were isoenergetically reduced from 18 to 7% by the digestible carbohydrates. Each diet was fed to four replicate groups (28 g/fish, 20–23 fish/group) using self‐feeders. Specific growth rate, percentage weight gain and percentage protein retention did not differ between the treatments. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratios were higher in the 18% starch (s18) and s27 diet groups, and decreased in higher fat or carbohydrate diet groups. Although gross energy intake (kJ/kg BW per day) decreased as the starch level increased, levels of digestible energy intake did not differ between the treatments. Fat levels in the carcass, viscera and liver decreased as dietary carbohydrate level increased. These results suggest that a 40% protein diet with either 15% fat and 18% starch or 11% fat and 27% starch is appropriate for juvenile rainbow trout under self‐feeding conditions.

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“…Effects of extruded high-energy diets on growth, feed conversion and body composition have recently been reported. Most of these experiments have been conducted with rainbow trout (Alsted & Jokumsen 1990;Alsted 1991;Lanari et al 1995) and small-sized Atlantic salmon in sea water (Johnsen & Wandsvik 1991;Johnsen et al 1993;Hillestad & Johnsen 1994). Wathne (1995) and Einen & Roem (1997) reported results from shorterterm experiments and Aksnes (1995) from long-term experiments with slaughter-sized Atlantic salmon fed extruded high-energy diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of dietary fat level and feeding rate on growth, feed utilization and carcass quality of Atlantic salmon

Hillestad

Johnsen

Austreng

et al. 1998

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Two extruded diets designed to have fat levels of 220 g kg−1 (F22) and 300 g kg−1 (F30) were fed to Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. in two different experiments during the sea rearing period (from 0.2–0.3 kg to 3–4 kg). Each diet was fed restricted and isoenergetically at two feeding rates to fish in triplicate groups. In one of the experiments, a supplementary group of fish was fed to satiation with the F30 diet. All fish were slaughtered and evaluated for quality according to a commercial standard. No difference in growth was observed between fish fed the two diets at similar feeding rates and the growth was proportional to the amount of dietary energy offered. Feed conversion ratios decreased according to higher energy content in the F30 diet, and the nitrogen and phosphorus retention increased significantly. Fish fed the F30 diet revealed a higher incidence of sexual maturity. Fat content in cutlets and dressed carcasses were significantly affected by feeding rate but not by dietary fat level. Fish fed the F30 diet had more visceral fat and, consequently, lower dress‐out percentage. Mortality, liver size and liver colour were not significantly affected by dietary fat level. These experiments showed that even large differences in dietary fat level employed for the entire sea rearing period of Atlantic salmon, did not, or only marginally affected the cutlet and dressed carcass fat content. The high fat diet improved the feed utilization, thus decreasing the discharge to the environments. Furthermore, it resulted in greater growth at ad libitum feeding.

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Effect of dietary DP/DE ratio on apparent digestibility, growth and nitrogen and phosphorus retention in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum)

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Potential of meat meal to replace fish meal in extruded dry diets for barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch). I. Growth performance

Potential of meat meal to replace fish meal in extruded dry diets for barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch). I. Growth performance

Influence of dietary fat and carbohydrate levels on growth and body composition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss under self-feeding conditions

Long-term effects of dietary fat level and feeding rate on growth, feed utilization and carcass quality of Atlantic salmon

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