Effect of Cu Alloying on Mechanical Properties of Medium-C Steel after Long-Time Tempering at 500 °C

Salvetr, Pavel; Gokhman, A.; Svoboda, Milan; Donik, Črtomir; Podstranská, Ivana; Kotous, Jakub; Nový, Zbyšek

doi:10.3390/ma16062390

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The dilatometric samples were prepared through grinding and polishing, and the microstructure was revealed with a 3% Nital reagent. A L75PT dilatometer (Linseis, Selb, Germany) was used to observe the microstructure after austenite decomposition at cooling after 15 min of austenitisation at 900 • C. The same austenitisation temperature was used in previous works [19,20]. The dilatometric samples were cylindrical with a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 10 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Austenite Decomposition in 54SiCr6 Steel during Continuous Slow Cooling Conditions

et al. 2023

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In this study, dilatometry and metallography were used to investigate the effect of silicon and copper alloying on the decomposition kinetics of 54SiCr6 steel during continuous slow cooling. It is different from the published literature for using the approach of the local activation energy of the austenite decomposition Ef and the local Avrami exponent n of the volume fraction of the transformed phase f to study the kinetics of austenite-pearlitic transformation in cooled 54SiCr steel at slow cooling rates. The Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation was used to determine the dependence of the local activation energy for austenite decomposition Ef and the local Avrami exponent n on the volume fraction of the transformed phase f. The mechanism of the austenite decomposition was analysed based on the calculated values of n. Both the local and average activation energies were used to evaluate the alloying effect, and the results were compared with those obtained from other methods. The type of microstructure formed as a result of cooling at rates of 0.5 K/s, 0.3 K/s, 0.1 K/s and 0.05 K/s was determined. The effects of changes in the cooling rate and the content of silicon (1.5–2.5 wt.%) and copper (0.12–1.47 wt.%) on the dimension of nucleation and growth kinetics of the transformed phase were studied. It was revealed that the pearlite microstructure was formed predominantly in 54SiCr6 steel as a result of continuous cooling at slow cooling rates. It was also found that alloying this steel with copper led to a significant decrease in the value of Ef, as well as to a change in the mechanism of the kinetics of the austenite-pearlite transformation, which was realised in predominantly two- and three-dimensional nucleation and growth at a constant nucleation rate. At the same time, alloying this steel with silicon led only to a slight change in Ef. The results of the study of 54SiCr steel presented the dependence of the activation energy of transformation and the local Avrami exponent on the volume fraction of the transformed phase at a given cooling rate at different copper and silicon contents. In addition, the study provides insight into the mechanism of kinetics in cooled 54SiCr steel as a function of the cooling rate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Austenite Decomposition in 54SiCr6 Steel during Continuous Slow Cooling Conditions

et al. 2023

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“…The underlying reason is due to that more Cu precipitates were located on the martensitic lath boundary indicates that the existence of Cu-rich clusters weakens the binding force of the martensite lath boundary, in addition, Cu atoms weaken the bonding force of Fe-Fe bonds on the lath boundary [22,23]. Under high-temperature conditions, metal oxides act as high-temperature lubricating phases, the wear rate of the material decreases with increasing copper content, due to that Cu has grain refinement and solid solution strengthening effect and improved matrix hardness [24]. As the content of precipitated free copper increases, the amount of copper oxide formed also increases at high temperature.…”

Section: Friction and Wear Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature tribological properties of Fe-Mo-Ni-Cu-Graphite self-lubricating guide sliding plates

Yan,

Yang,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Mater. Res. Express

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High-temperature self-lubricating Fe-Mo-Ni-Cu-graphite materials with varying copper contents were prepared by powder metallurgy technology. The microstructure and wear surface of the sintered alloy were observed and analyzed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The focus was on discussion of the influence of copper content on the tribological properties of the iron-based material. The results indicate that the friction coefficient and wear rate of the sintered material against a 40Cr steel disc show a decreasing trend after friction with an increase in copper content. Particularly, at a copper content of 15%, the friction coefficient is lowest at both room temperature and 500 °C, exhibiting the best wear resistance. The wear rate is in the order of 10–7 cm3/N•m, indicating mild wear. The predominant wear mechanism for both the material and the counterpart disc is adhesive wear. During friction, the formation of a black-brown lubricating composite film composed of Fe2O3, graphite, Fe2O3 • Fe3O4, CuO, and Fe3O4 on the material’s surface plays a crucial role in providing excellent high-temperature anti-friction properties.

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Effects of Cu microalloying on corrosion behavior of spring steel 54SiCr6

Msallamova,

Fojt,

Novak

et al. 2023

Materials Chemistry and Physics

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Effect of Cu Alloying on Mechanical Properties of Medium-C Steel after Long-Time Tempering at 500 °C

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Kinetics of Austenite Decomposition in 54SiCr6 Steel during Continuous Slow Cooling Conditions

Kinetics of Austenite Decomposition in 54SiCr6 Steel during Continuous Slow Cooling Conditions

High temperature tribological properties of Fe-Mo-Ni-Cu-Graphite self-lubricating guide sliding plates

Effects of Cu microalloying on corrosion behavior of spring steel 54SiCr6

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