Effect of chronic lithium on sensitivity to light in male and female bipolar patients

Mechanism of Action of Lithium: Comparison and Contrast with Carbamazepine

“…In neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells, lithium at relatively high doses inhibits cyclic G M P synthesis mediated by muscarinic (low affinity), neurotensin, angiotensin II and bradykinin receptors (Kanba and Richelson, 1984; K a n b a et al., 1986). However, lithium, but not carbamazepine, has been reported to increase dark adaptation threshold, consistent with a subsensitivity to light possibly mediated by lithium's effects on adenylate cyclase activity (Carney et al, 1988;Kaschka et al, 1988;Seggie et al, 1989). However, lithium, but not carbamazepine, has been reported to increase dark adaptation threshold, consistent with a subsensitivity to light possibly mediated by lithium's effects on adenylate cyclase activity (Carney et al, 1988;Kaschka et al, 1988;Seggie et al, 1989).…”

Mechanism of Action of Lithium: Comparison and Contrast with Carbamazepine

“…In neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells, lithium at relatively high doses inhibits cyclic G M P synthesis mediated by muscarinic (low affinity), neurotensin, angiotensin II and bradykinin receptors (Kanba and Richelson, 1984; K a n b a et al., 1986). However, lithium, but not carbamazepine, has been reported to increase dark adaptation threshold, consistent with a subsensitivity to light possibly mediated by lithium's effects on adenylate cyclase activity (Carney et al, 1988;Kaschka et al, 1988;Seggie et al, 1989). However, lithium, but not carbamazepine, has been reported to increase dark adaptation threshold, consistent with a subsensitivity to light possibly mediated by lithium's effects on adenylate cyclase activity (Carney et al, 1988;Kaschka et al, 1988;Seggie et al, 1989).…”

Circadian Disruptions in the Myshkin Mouse Model of Mania Are Independent of Deficits in Suprachiasmatic Molecular Clock Function

“…Glutamatergic synapses are linked with mood disorders (70) , and it is suggested that measures of glutamate in the brain vary in BPD, becoming elevated during mania and reduced in episodes of depression (71) . Further, mood stabilizers used to treat BPD, such as lithium and valproate, act to restore glutamate levels 72 , 73 and can reduce sensitivity to light and directly alter SCN function 74 , 75 . Interestingly, colocalization and functional coupling between NKA α3 and glutamate transporters has been demonstrated in rat brain, with α3 having similar neuronal localization to excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter 1, the most abundant subtype of glutamate transporter in the central nervous system (76) .…”

The mood stabilizer valproic acid opposes the effects of dopamine on circadian rhythms

“…Thus, increased responsiveness to light may further contribute to abnormal circadian rhythms in BD patients. Notably, increased sensitivity to light can be reduced with the mood stabilizers lithium and VPA (Hallam et al, 2005;Seggie et al, 1989). [F 7,335 ¼ 243.3].…”

Mechanism of Action of Lithium: Comparison and Contrast with Carbamazepine

“…In neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells, lithium at relatively high doses inhibits cyclic G M P synthesis mediated by muscarinic (low affinity), neurotensin, angiotensin II and bradykinin receptors (Kanba and Richelson, 1984; K a n b a et al., 1986). However, lithium, but not carbamazepine, has been reported to increase dark adaptation threshold, consistent with a subsensitivity to light possibly mediated by lithium's effects on adenylate cyclase activity (Carney et al, 1988;Kaschka et al, 1988;Seggie et al, 1989). However, lithium, but not carbamazepine, has been reported to increase dark adaptation threshold, consistent with a subsensitivity to light possibly mediated by lithium's effects on adenylate cyclase activity (Carney et al, 1988;Kaschka et al, 1988;Seggie et al, 1989).…”

Circadian Disruptions in the Myshkin Mouse Model of Mania Are Independent of Deficits in Suprachiasmatic Molecular Clock Function

“…Glutamatergic synapses are linked with mood disorders (70) , and it is suggested that measures of glutamate in the brain vary in BPD, becoming elevated during mania and reduced in episodes of depression (71) . Further, mood stabilizers used to treat BPD, such as lithium and valproate, act to restore glutamate levels 72 , 73 and can reduce sensitivity to light and directly alter SCN function 74 , 75 . Interestingly, colocalization and functional coupling between NKA α3 and glutamate transporters has been demonstrated in rat brain, with α3 having similar neuronal localization to excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter 1, the most abundant subtype of glutamate transporter in the central nervous system (76) .…”

The mood stabilizer valproic acid opposes the effects of dopamine on circadian rhythms

“…Thus, increased responsiveness to light may further contribute to abnormal circadian rhythms in BD patients. Notably, increased sensitivity to light can be reduced with the mood stabilizers lithium and VPA (Hallam et al, 2005;Seggie et al, 1989). [F 7,335 ¼ 243.3].…”

Mechanism of Action of Lithium: Comparison and Contrast with Carbamazepine

“…In neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells, lithium at relatively high doses inhibits cyclic G M P synthesis mediated by muscarinic (low affinity), neurotensin, angiotensin II and bradykinin receptors (Kanba and Richelson, 1984; K a n b a et al., 1986). However, lithium, but not carbamazepine, has been reported to increase dark adaptation threshold, consistent with a subsensitivity to light possibly mediated by lithium's effects on adenylate cyclase activity (Carney et al, 1988;Kaschka et al, 1988;Seggie et al, 1989). However, lithium, but not carbamazepine, has been reported to increase dark adaptation threshold, consistent with a subsensitivity to light possibly mediated by lithium's effects on adenylate cyclase activity (Carney et al, 1988;Kaschka et al, 1988;Seggie et al, 1989).…”

Circadian Disruptions in the Myshkin Mouse Model of Mania Are Independent of Deficits in Suprachiasmatic Molecular Clock Function

“…Glutamatergic synapses are linked with mood disorders (70) , and it is suggested that measures of glutamate in the brain vary in BPD, becoming elevated during mania and reduced in episodes of depression (71) . Further, mood stabilizers used to treat BPD, such as lithium and valproate, act to restore glutamate levels 72 , 73 and can reduce sensitivity to light and directly alter SCN function 74 , 75 . Interestingly, colocalization and functional coupling between NKA α3 and glutamate transporters has been demonstrated in rat brain, with α3 having similar neuronal localization to excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter 1, the most abundant subtype of glutamate transporter in the central nervous system (76) .…”

The mood stabilizer valproic acid opposes the effects of dopamine on circadian rhythms

“…Thus, increased responsiveness to light may further contribute to abnormal circadian rhythms in BD patients. Notably, increased sensitivity to light can be reduced with the mood stabilizers lithium and VPA (Hallam et al, 2005;Seggie et al, 1989). [F 7,335 ¼ 243.3].…”