Effect of chromium and cobalt ions on primary human lymphocytes<i>in vitro</i>

Akbar, Moeed; Brewer, James M.; Grant, M.H.

doi:10.3109/1547691x.2011.553845

Cited by 89 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Being a divalent metal, Co can potentially bind to zinc finger proteins and act as an essential cofactor for a number of enzymes although by displacing zinc, and it also has the potential to act as an inhibitor of zinc-dependent enzymes and thereby potentiate toxicity (Hartwig 2001). Some if its deleterious effect may also be caused by its actions as a Ca channel antagonist (Barnes and Hille 1989), leading to inhibition of Ca entry and Ca signaling as well as competing with Ca for intracellular Ca-binding proteins (Akbar et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cobalt-Induced Ototoxicity in Rat Postnatal Cochlear Organotypic Cultures

2015

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Cobalt (Co) is a required divalent metal used in the production of metal alloys, batteries, and pigments and is a component of vitamin B12. Excessive uptake of Co is neurotoxic causing temporary or permanent hearing loss; however, its ototoxic effects on the sensory hair cells, neurons, and support cells in the cochlea are poorly understood. Accordingly, we treated postnatal day 3 rat cochlear organotypic cultures with various doses and durations of CoCl2 and quantified the damage to the hair cells, peripheral auditory nerve fibers, and spiral ganglion neurons (SGN). Five-day treatment with 250 μM CoCl2 caused extensive damage to hair cells and neurons which increased with dose and treatment duration. CoCl2 caused greater damage to outer hair cells than inner hair cells; damage was greatest in the base of the cochlea and decreased towards the base. CoCl2 increased expression of superoxide radical in hair cells and SGNs and SGN loss was characterized by nuclear condensation and fragmentation, morphological features of apoptosis. CoCl2 treatment increased the expression of caspase-3 indicative of caspase-mediated programmed cell death. These results identify hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons as the main targets of Co ototoxicity in vitro and implicate the superoxide radical as a trigger of caspase-mediated ototoxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cobalt-Induced Ototoxicity in Rat Postnatal Cochlear Organotypic Cultures

2015

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“…A study using lymphocytes (CD3 + ) (Akbar et al 2011) found reduced proliferation at 10 µM Co(2 + ) and increased apoptosis at 100 µM Co(2 + ), suggesting an inhibitory but not lethal effect of cobalt at levels found clinically. The 2–year regression coefficient in the present study suggests increases from 0.01 × 10 9 cells/ppb (CD16 + CD56 + ) to depression of –0.10 × 10 9 cells/ppb (CD3 + ) or roughly 10% per ppb with wide CIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal ion levels and lymphocyte counts: ASR hip resurfacing prosthesis vs. standard THA

et al. 2013

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Background and purpose Wear particles from metal–on–metal arthroplasties are under suspicion for adverse effects both locally and systemically, and the DePuy ASR Hip Resurfacing System (RHA) has above–average failure rates. We compared lymphocyte counts in RHA and total hip arthroplasty (THA) and investigated whether cobalt and chromium ions affected the lymphocyte counts.Method In a randomized controlled trial, we followed 19 RHA patients and 19 THA patients. Lymphocyte subsets and chromium and cobalt ion concentrations were measured at baseline, at 8 weeks, at 6 months, and at 1 and 2 years.Results The T–lymphocyte counts for both implant types declined over the 2–year period. This decline was statistically significant for CD3+CD8+ in the THA group, with a regression coefficient of –0.04 × 109cells/year (95% CI: –0.08 to –0.01). Regression analysis indicated a depressive effect of cobalt ions in particular on T–cells with 2–year whole–blood cobalt regression coefficients for CD3+ of –0.10 (95% CI: –0.16 to –0.04) × 109 cells/parts per billion (ppb), for CD3+CD4+ of –0.06 (–0.09 to –0.03) × 109 cells/ppb, and for CD3+CD8+ of –0.02 (–0.03 to –0.00) × 109 cells/ppb.Interpretation Circulating T–lymphocyte levels may decline after surgery, regardless of implant type. Metal ions—particularly cobalt—may have a general depressive effect on T– and B–lymphocyte levels.Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov under # NCT01113762

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“…These tend to stabilise three 55 to six months 54 after surgery. Research has shown that metal ion concentrations that are not directly cytotoxic to lymphocytes may affect events at a molecular level, thereby impeding lymphocyte proliferation 56 . This may contribute to altered immune system function in patients with cobalt-chromium implants 56 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Have the media influenced the use of hip resurfacing arthroplasty? A review of UK print media

Malviya

Stafford²,

Villar³

et al. 2012

Ann R Coll Surg Engl

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INTRODUCTIONThe aim of this study was to look at the different claims made about hip resurfacing arthroplasty in the popular UK print media and how this relates to findings in the scientific literature.METHODSA review of UK popular print media from January 1992 to June 2011 was performed using the Lexis® Library online news database. Only articles discussing the clinical results of hip resurfacing arthroplasty were included. After excluding duplicates, 49 newspaper articles were found suitable for this study. The main outcome measure was the claims made in popular UK print media about hip resurfacing. These were compared with the scientific publication. We reviewed the trend of use of hip resurfacing prostheses during the same period as reported in the National Joint Registry.RESULTSA disparity was found between the claims in the newspapers and published scientific literature. The initial newspaper articles highlighted only the positive aspects of hip resurfacing arthroplasty, without definitive contemporary evidence backing the claims. Most of these claims were refuted by future scientific publications. The initial positive media reports coincided with an increase in the use of hip resurfacing but the decline coincided with negative reports in the scientific literature.CONCLUSIONSThe trend of the newspaper articles and that of the number of hip resurfacing prostheses implanted suggests that the media may have been partly responsible for the increased use of this prosthesis. The subsequent decrease was initiated by the scientific literature.

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Effect of chromium and cobalt ions on primary human lymphocytesin vitro

Cited by 89 publications

References 51 publications

Cobalt-Induced Ototoxicity in Rat Postnatal Cochlear Organotypic Cultures

Cobalt-Induced Ototoxicity in Rat Postnatal Cochlear Organotypic Cultures

Metal ion levels and lymphocyte counts: ASR hip resurfacing prosthesis vs. standard THA

Have the media influenced the use of hip resurfacing arthroplasty? A review of UK print media

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