Effect of Cholymbi on Growth, Proximate Composition, and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Fingerlings of Long Whiskered Catfish, &lt;I&gt;Mystus Gulio&lt;/I&gt; (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Bagridae)

Frontiers in Life Science

2015

119

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is considered to be a very important aquaculture species in many Asian and some European countries. It affects the aerobic decomposition of organic matter and nutrient availability in the water column via bioturbation of benthic sediment during feeding on benthic organisms. If the density of common carp is not excessive, an increase in nutrient availability may enhance photosynthesis and plankton production, whereas if it is excessive, it causes dramatic ecological disruption at both the community and ecosystem levels by changing the abiotic properties of the water. Therefore, the density of common carp is a very important factor that has a great effect on the aquatic ecosystem. The critical density of common carp largely depends on its habitat. In polyculture ponds, water quality, natural food resources and fish growth are strongly affected when the density of common carp approaches more than about 1000 kg ha −1. The critical density can be doubled if artificial feed is supplied to the carp. When its preferred food is not sufficient, the common carp switches to less preferred food and changes its behaviour and feeding niche. These factors make common carp a potential candidate not only for monoculture but also for polyculture ponds. This article reviews the role of common carp on the aquatic ecosystem, and the production and behaviour of fish in aquaculture production systems.

Section: Effects Of Common Carp On the Aquatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in aquaculture production systems

Frontiers in Life Science

2015

119

“…The observed higher growth coefficient of mature fish compared to immature fish might be due to differences in the gonadal development and physiology of the fish(Khatune-Jannat et al, 2012;Rajkumar, Rahman, Reni Prabha, & Phukan, 2013).In conclusion, male and female A. clupeoides showed almost similar sizes and condition at first sexual maturity. The results of this study could be useful to estimate the minimum permissible capture size of A. clupeoides along the east coast of peninsular Malaysia under the management objective to allow all females to enter the spawning stock biomass at least once.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In the present study the growth coefficient ( b value) of A. clupeoides was within acceptable limits (Tesch, ). The observed higher growth coefficient of mature fish compared to immature fish might be due to differences in the gonadal development and physiology of the fish (Khatune‐Jannat et al., ; Rajkumar, Rahman, Reni Prabha, & Phukan, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonadosomatic index-based size at first sexual maturity of male and female Amblygaster clupeoides (Bleeker, 1849) (Clupeidae) on the east coast of the Malaysian peninsular

2017

J Appl Ichthyol

Summary Size at first sexual maturity and condition of Amblygaster clupeoides were determined in a population at the Malaysian east coast. A total of 887 specimens were collected from commercial fishing vessels between March and November 2012. A random sample was taken each time to avoid bias in the cohort sampling. Size at first sexual maturity was determined by the relationship between the total length and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Similarly, the relationship between the condition factor and GSI was applied to determine the condition at first sexual maturity. The sex ratio was close to 1:1. The total length at first sexual maturity of both males and females were at around 18 cm. Males with a GSI of ≥3.2% and females with a GSI of ≥6.5% were mature, having condition factors of ≥0.90 and ≥0.93, respectively. Based on these results the minimum permissible capture size was identified. This study establishes a strong need for regular and continued monitoring of the changes in fish size at first sexual maturity.

“…Dietary lipids are also essential for the growth performance of fish as they play an important role in fish nutrition as a source of energy and essential fatty acids (EFA) to maintain biological structure and normal function of cell membranes (Rajkumar, Rahman, Reni Prabha, & Phukan, ; Siddik, Rahman, Anh, Nevejan, & Bossierri, ; Wu et al., ). Moreover, dietary lipids act as carriers of fat‐soluble vitamins A, D and K. However, fish are only able to utilize dietary lipids up to a certain level, beyond which growth may be retarded owing to reduced feed consumption (Ellis & Reigh, ; Rahman et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary lipid on growth, expression of canthaxanthin-based coloration, digestive enzymes activities and immunity in blood parrot cichlidAmphilophus citrinellus × Paraneetroplus synspilus

Lin

et al. 2017

Aquacult Nutr

A 42-day experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of four different lipid containing diets (lipid 74.0, 105.3, 135.0, 168.1 g/kg diet) on growth, digestive enzymes activities, immunology and expression of canthaxanthin-based coloration in parrot cichlid (Amphilophus citrinellus × Paraneetroplus synspilus). Each diet contained canthaxanthin 0.05 g/kg diet. Two hundred and eighty-eight fish were randomly stocked into 12 glass aquaria to form four triplicate groups. Fish were fed one of four diets daily at 20 g/kg of their total body weight. Growth, digestive enzymes activities, immunology and body colour parameters were measured at the end of experiment.Based on the polynomial regression of dietary lipid level and specific growth rate, the dietary lipid level inclusion was calculated as 117.2 g/kg for the highest specific growth rate of these animals. The polynomial regression of skin colour parameters and dietary lipid levels indicated the critical threshold lipid inclusions in diet: 113.7 g/kg for the best expression of lightness, 112.1 g/kg for redness, 127.5 g/kg for yellowness and 125.3 g/kg for chroma of fish's skin. Considering redness, lightness and specific growth rate are most important variables, a diet containing lipid 115.0 g/kg can be recommended for blood parrot cichlid. K E Y W O R D Senzymatic activity, growth, immunity, lipid, redness, yellowness