Effect of Chitosan Dispersion and Microparticles on Older Streptococcus mutans Biofilms

Abstract

(1) Background: The effectiveness of chitosan to improve the action of antimicrobial compounds against planktonic bacteria and young biofilms has been widely investigated in Dentistry, where the biofilm lifecycle is a determining factor for the success of antibacterial treatment. In the present study, mature Streptococcus mutans biofilms were treated with chitosan dispersion (CD) or chitosan microparticles (CM). (2) Methods: CD at 0.25% and 1% were characterized by texture analysis, while CD at 2% was spray-dried to form CM, which were characterized with respect to particle size distribution, zeta potential, and morphology. After determining the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations, S. mutans biofilms were grown on glass slides exposed 8×/day to 10% sucrose and 2×/day to CD or CM at 0.25% and 1%. Biofilm viability and acidogenicity were determined, using appropriate control groups for each experiment. (3) Results: CD had high viscosity and CM were spherical, with narrow size distribution and positive zeta potential. CM affected bacterial viability and acidogenicity in mature S. mutans biofilms more strongly than CD, especially at 1%. (4) Conclusions: Both chitosan forms exerted antimicrobial effect against mature S. mutans biofilms. CM at 1% can reduce bacterial viability and acidogenicity more effectively than CD at 1%, and thereby be more effective to control the growth of mature biofilms in vitro.

Effect of a Combination of Photodynamic Therapy and Chitosan on Streptococcus mutans (An In Vitro Study)

“…Costa et al 36 evaluated mouthwashes containing chitosan and concluded that it can decrease the count of S. mutans. Chen and Chung 37 Fujiwara et al, 38 Kawakita et al, 39 and de Paz et al 40 used chitosan dissolved in water as a mouthwash against S. mutans and found similar results. Hayashi et al 23 inhibition of S. mutans and reduction of its count in the saliva following the use of chitosan chewing gum.…”

Current status and future of delivery systems for prevention and treatment of infections in the oral cavity

“…Due to its own antimicrobial activity, chitosan alone in microparticle form has also been investigated. Kawatika et al [160] have compared the effect of chitosan aqueous dispersion and microparticles on mature biofilms of S. mutans and demonstarted that chitosan in microparticle form reduced the bacterial viability and acidogenicity more effectively than the dispersions, thereby was more effective to control the growth of mature biofilms. Moura et al [161] have investigated the release of locally delivered doxycycline-loaded PLGA microspheres in the periodontal pocket of patients with chronic periodontitis.…”

Current status and future of delivery systems for prevention and treatment of infections in the oral cavity

“…Kawatika et al [156] have compared the effect of chitosan aqueous dispersion and microparticles on mature bio lms of S. mutans and demonstarted that chitosan in microparticle form reduced the bacterial viability and acidogenicity more effectively than the dispersions, thereby was more effective to control the growth of mature bio lms. Moura et al [157] have investigated the release of locally delivered doxycycline loaded PLGA microspheres in the periodontal pocket of patients with chronic periodontitis.…”