Effect of carboxymethyl cellulose coating enriched with clove oil on postharvest quality of ‘Xinyu’ mandarin oranges

Abstract

-Introduction. Attempts to exploit natural preservatives to control postharvest diseases as an alternative technology to synthetic fungicides in citrus fruit have been drawing much attention. Materials and methods. The combined effects of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) coating and/or clove oil on the qualitative properties of cold-stored 'Xinyu' mandarin oranges stored at 5• C for 120 days were investigated. Results and discussion. The results showed that the addition of clove oil as an antifungal component to the CMC coating had a good effect on the inhibitory growth of fungal decay, and the coating treatments significantly decreased the decay rate and weight loss, as well as the maleic dialdehyde (MDA) concentration compared with control samples. The clove oil-carboxymethyl cellulose (CO-CMC) coating significantly maintained commercial quality and inhibited respiration. Meanwhile, the results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in fruit treated with CO-CMC coating were higher than in those treated with CMC coating and control samples. Conclusion. The CO-CMC coating has good potential for application as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for improving postharvest quality and prolonging the shelf life of 'Xinyu' mandarin oranges during cold storage.Keywords: China / mandarin / Citrus reticulata / CMC / postharvest quality / integrated disease management / clove oil / enzyme activity / shelf life Résumé -Effet de l'enrobage au carboxyméthyl de cellulose enrichi avec de l'huile de clou de girofle sur la qualité des mandarines 'Xinyu' après récolte. Introduction. Les tentatives visant à exploiter les conservateurs naturels ont beaucoup attiré l'attention dans la perspective de contrôler les maladies sur agrumes après récolte comme technologie alternative aux fongicides de synthèse. Matériel et méthodes. Les effets combinés du carboxyméthyl de cellulose (CMC) en enrobage avec ou sans huile de clou de girofle ont été étudiés sur les propriétés qualitatives des mandarines 'Xinyu' stockées à 5• C pendant 120 jours. Résultats et discussion. L'ajout d'huile de clou de girofle comme composant antifongique dans l'enrobage au CMC a eu un effet positif sur l'inhibition de croissance de la pourriture fongique, et les traitements d'enrobage ont diminué de manière significative le taux de décroissance, la perte de poids, ainsi que la teneur en dialdéhyde maléique (MDA) par rapport aux échantillons témoins. La combinaison huile de clou de girofle-CMC a sensiblement maintenu la qualité commerciale et inhibé la respiration. Dans le même temps, les activités enzymatiques de la superoxyde dismutase (SOD), de la catalase (CAT), de la polyphénol oxydase (PPO) et de la phénylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) étaient plus élevées au sein des fruits enrobés (huile de clou de girofle-CMC) que dans les échantillons enrobés au CMC seul ou dans ceux du témoin. Conclusion. L'enrobage huile de clou de girofle-CMC présente un fort potentiel...

Chitosan-Based Coating Enriched with Hairy Fig (Ficus hirta Vahl.) Fruit Extract for “Newhall” Navel Orange Preservation

“…It is shown by us, that CH-HFE and 1.5% chitosan coatings result in a beneficial semi-permeable film surrounding the fruit, modifying the internal atmosphere by elevating CO 2 and/or reducing O 2 , and delaying the degradation rate of nutritional components in navel orange fruits during the mid-later storage period. Our results are in accordance with those of Chen et al [23] and Shah et al [35], where a slow decline in TSS, TA, and VC was recorded in citrus fruits treated with CMC composite coatings. However, other studies have demonstrated that the levels of total soluble solids and acidity, and flavor preferences in "Navel" oranges and "Star Ruby" grapefruits treated with CMC/chitosan bilayer coating, were the same as in the uncoated fruits [48].…”

“…In our research, the incorporation of HFE into 1.5% chitosan coating formulation resulted in a significantly lower respiration rate than 1.5% chitosan coating alone, and uncoated fruits, during the whole storage. Similarly, the respiration rate of citrus fruits coated with CMC edible coatings containing clove oil, Impatiens balsamina L. extract, and silver nanoparticles, has been shown to decrease, compared to uncoated fruits [23,35,52].…”

“…The respiration rate was determined based on a method described by our previous study [23]. Six fruits, per treatment per replicate, were weighed before being sealed in an airtight plastic container (internal diameter of 27.5 cm, 30.0 cm high) at 25 • C. The increased CO 2 concentration in the container was monitored by using a GHX-3051H infrared CO 2 fruit and vegetable breathing apparatus (Jingmi Scientific LLC., Shanghai, China).…”

Pinocembrin-7-Glucoside (P7G) Reduced Postharvest Blue Mold of Navel Orange by Suppressing Penicillium italicum Growth

“…Among these phytopathogenic fungi, A. citri showed the least susceptibility to P7G with the highest MIC and MFC value (0.8 g/L). These results are in line with our previous study of clove essential oil (CEO) [35], and indicating that the in vitro antifungal efficiency of CEO may be similar and better than traditional citrus preservatives, with the values of MIC against P. italicum, P. digitatum, G. citri-aurantii, and A. citri ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 mL/L. Peng et al [36] also reported that pinocembrin had potent antifungal activity against P. italicum, with MIC of 0.4 g/L.…”

Antifungal Activity of Ramulus cinnamomi Explored by 1H-NMR Based Metabolomics Approach

“…However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report on the antifungal activities of Ramulus cinnamomi . Our previous studies have extracted, isolated, and identified some antifungal compounds from the selected antifungal medicinal plants [ 9 , 10 ], which showed good postharvest diseases resistance and maintenance of fruit qualities [ 11 , 12 ]. In continuation, the purpose of the current study was to elucidate the antifungal compounds of Ramulus cinnamomi (RC) and study its antifungal mechanism based on the 1 H-NMR based metabolomics analysis.…”