Effect of Bio Fertilizer, Nitrogen and Sulfur Levels on Maize Production in Saline Soil of North Delta of Egypt

Abstract

Two field experiments were carried out at El-Serw agricultural Research Station, Governorate of Damietta through growing summer seasons of 2014 and 2015. The aim of the investigation is to study the effects of N bio fertilization (cyanobacteria, Azotbacter, Phosphorine and without inoculation), mineral sulfur applications (0, 15 and 30 kg S fed-1) and mineral nitrogen fertilization (0, 60 and 120 kg fed-1) on growth of the maize crop. Results showed that Cyanobacteria inoculation + 30 kg S fed-1 + 120 kg N fed-1 gave the highest maize plant height, dry weight, 100 grains weight of maize and maize grain and stover yield. Moreover, results indicated that the element N at a rate of 120 kg fed-1 with 30 kg S fed-1 with phosphorin, azotobacter and Cyanobacteria inoculation can increase the maize grain yield by 21.52, 22.95 and 24.45%, respectively and the maize stover yield by 21.01, 23.25 and 24.68%, respectively in first season but the increasing in the second season was as follows: 21.49, 22.95 and 24.42%, respectively for maize grain yield and 21.03, 23.25 and 24.67%, respectively for maize stover yield.

Influence of Bacteria Isolated from Different Ecological Zone of Turkey on Maize Growth and Nutrient Uptake

“…Molina et al (2017) reported 22% improvement on plant height in case of bacteria inoculation at their 45 days experiment at greenhouse conditions. Additionally, a number of researchers are reported longer plants as a result of PGPR inoculation (Agbodjato et al, 2016;Ghaly et al, 2016;Jarak et al, 2012). No significant differences were observed between mean stem diameter values at different region isolates.…”

“…These mechanisms are referred as direct and indirect effects in the literature. Direct mechanisms are symbiotic and non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation (Hubbell and Kidder, 2003;Pereg et al, 2016;Ghaly and Alanos, 2016;Youseif, 2018;Richard et al, 2018;Fukami et al, 2018;) production of phytohormones such as auxin, gibberellin and cytokine, preventing ethylene production via 1-aminosiklopropan-1karboksilat (ACC) deaminase activity, reducing environmental stress factors (Dar et al, 2018;Glick 2014;Ali and Kim, 2018) increasing the solubility of inorganic phosphorus and mineralization of organic phosphorus compounds (Richardson et al, 2009;Zaidi et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2014;Khosravi et al, 2018;Singh and Gera, 2018), increasing K uptake (Meena and Verma, 2014) and producing siderophore to improve Fe carriage to inner root zone (Patel et al, 2018;Dimkpa et al, 2009;Sandy and Butler, 2009). Indirect mechanisms include the reduction of the harmful effects of plant pathogens via enzyme production such as chitinase, cellulase, 1,3 glucanase, protease, lipase (Kundan et al, 2015), antibiotic secretion (Labuschagne et al, 2010) and inhibiting the establishment of phytopathogens by sequestration iron from the environment (Glick, 2014).…”

“…Indirect mechanisms include the reduction of the harmful effects of plant pathogens via enzyme production such as chitinase, cellulase, 1,3 glucanase, protease, lipase (Kundan et al, 2015), antibiotic secretion (Labuschagne et al, 2010) and inhibiting the establishment of phytopathogens by sequestration iron from the environment (Glick, 2014). Several studies have shown the potential of PGPR to increase plant growth (plant height, stem diameter, dry biomass of shoot, root length and root dry weight) of maize also increase grain yield (Gholami et al, 2009;Morais et al, 2016;Agbodjato et al, 2016;Ghaly and Alanos, 2016;Mosimann et al, 2017). Egamberdiyeva (2007) reported that the beneficial effects of PGPR better stimulating plant growth and nutrient uptake of maize in nutrient deficient calcisol soil than rich nutrient loamy sand soil.…”