2013
DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2013000400006
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Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of bee pollen (BP) levels on the IgG and IgM titers, weight of lymphoid organs, and on the tibia morphometric measures and mineralization in broilers at 21 and 42 days of age. Four hundred birds were used in an entirely randomized design with four treatments (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% of BP feed inclusion) and five replicates. At 21 and 42 days of rearing, blood samples were collected for IgG and IgM analysis, as well as lymphoid organs (bursa, thymus and spleen) and … Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(15 citation statements)
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References 7 publications
(7 reference statements)
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“…Ever since the European Union banned the application of antibiotics in 2006, scientists' attention has been drawn to finding alternative natural feed additives, such as bee-collected pollen [98,99]. To date, researchers have focused on underlying the impact of bee-collected pollen as a positive promotor agent for the growth and fertility of broiler chickens [100][101][102][103][104][105][106]. Biologically, addition of bee-collected pollen to feed portrays its role in the chemical composition profile of broilers; for instance, it increases the water content, resulting in the production of more tender meat.…”
Section: Bee-collected Pollen As a Feed Sourcementioning
confidence: 99%
“…feed on tibia osteometric traits and mineralization in broilers at 42 days of age [7,39]. However, in these papers there is a lack of information whether bee pollen supplementation influenced the body weight of chickens.…”
Section: Plos Onementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Increasing feed intake, body weight gain and improving feed conversion ratio were common effects of the use of propolis and/or bee pollen supplementation in broiler, quail and rabbit diets (Attia et al, 2011ab;Hosseini et al, 2016;Mehaisen et al, 2017). The immunological status of broiler chicken was enhanced with bee pollen supplementation (Oliveira et al, 2013). Research investigations studied the effects of propolis and bee pollen supplementation on alleviation the negative effect of heat stress oxidative damage in growing and laying quail.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We applied the bootstrapping procedure (Preacher and Hayes, 2004) with 1,000 subsamples to estimate the direct and indirect effects in our conceptual model. Bootstrapping is more powerful than the method of Baron and Kenny (1986) to check the mediation effect, as it is unnecessary to assume that samples are of normal distribution and it also can obtain a more confident estimation of the indirect effect (Mackinnon et al, 2002; Chun et al, 2014; Chen et al, 2017). If the 95% confidence interval (CI) does not contain zero, then the direct and indirect effects are significant.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Seu uso como aditivo geralmente resultou em melhor conversão alimentar e aumento do peso corporal e crescimento devido à presença dos ácidos orgânicos, que melhorar o uso de nutrientes, digestão, síntese de vitamina D e vitamina C e absorção mineral, que facilitam a alimentação metabolismo (Hidalgo et al, 2009;Martins et al, 2017). Oliveira et al (2013) concluíram que vinhaça líquida in natura pode ser usada para alimentar coelhos a 87,8 g por quilograma de dieta. A inclusão de vinhaça autoclavada promove maior taxa e ampliação da digestão in vitro, com reflexos na atividade cecal (Ferreira et al, 2017).…”
Section: Coprodutos Da Cana-de-açúcarunclassified