Effect of Artemisia absinthium and Malva sylvestris on Antioxidant Parameters and Abomasal Histopathology in Lambs Experimentally Infected with Haemonchus contortus

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of Artemisia absinthium and Malva sylvestris on antioxidant response and histopathological changes in the abomasa of the Haemonchus contortus infected lambs. Twenty-four lambs were divided into four groups: unsupplemented lambs (UNS), lambs supplemented with A. absinthium (ART), lambs supplemented with M. sylvestris (MAL), and lambs supplemented with both plants (ARTMAL). Lambs were infected orally with approximately 5000 third-stage (L3) larvae of H. contortus. The experiment was conducted for 75 d (days), all animals were then slaughtered; and the abomasal tissues were examined for antioxidant parameters and histopathology. The concentration of malondialdehyde in the abomasal mucosa was lower in ARTMAL (p < 0.05), and the total antioxidant capacity was higher in MAL (p < 0.05), than in UNS. Increased mucus production was observed in the ARTMAL. The number of mast cells in UNS and ART was significantly higher than the number in MAL (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Plasma cell numbers were higher in ARTMAL than the number in MAL (p < 0.05). Abomasal tissue regenerated more frequently in ARTMAL. These results represent the first report of the impact of A. absinthium and M. sylvestris on antioxidant parameters and local immune responses of abomasal mucosa of lambs infected with a GIN parasite.

Identification, Characterization, and Evaluation of Nematophagous Fungal Species of Arthrobotrys and Tolypocladium for the Management of Meloidogyne incognita

“…Two volatile compounds, 2-methyl-1-pentanethiol and trimethyl-heptadien-4-one, were identified at higher concentrations in this isolate. The activity of these compounds as a repellent, odor character, insecticides, and nematicides have already been reported earlier by Huang et al (2018) and Mravčáková et al (2021). Similarly, the compounds, dodecadienal, undecane, and nerolic acid observed throughout metabolite profiles in the present study have already been reported as nematicidal, antibacterial, and antifungal compounds (Caboni et al, 2012;White et al, 2019;Sarsaiya et al, 2020).…”

Antibody response and abomasal histopathology of lambs with haemonchosis during supplementation with medicinal plants and organic selenium

“…The number of eosinophils in abomasal tissue in our study was higher in both treated groups than in the Control group at the end of the experiment, but the number was highest in the group supplemented with Se. The number of tissue eosinophils in our previous study did not differ significantly between the control and animals treated with medicinal plants ( Mravčáková et al., 2021 ). We, therefore, concluded that determining the changes in eosinophil numbers at necropsy was inappropriate and that supplementation with medicinal plants did not affect eosinophil levels in the tissues.…”

“…Dilatation and damage to glands, lymphoid aggregates, and oedema were more notable in the Herbmix group than the Control and Selplex groups, probably due to the stronger inflammation in this group. Our previous study also found that inflammation was strongest in the abomasa of lambs infected with H. contortus and supplemented with a mixture of A. absinthium and M. sylvestris compared to the unsupplemented control ( Mravčáková et al., 2021 ). The prolonged and more severe inflammation in the group supplemented with medicinal plants may have been due to the delayed and incomplete defence against parasites, where a large number of parasites can cause lesions of the abomasal mucosa, which can lead to stronger local inflammation ( Toscano et al., 2019 ).…”

“…Our previous studies found that supplementing lamb diets with dry medicinal plants increased resistance to parasitic infection ( Mravčáková et al., 2019 , 2021 ). We, therefore, hypothesised that supplementation with feed additives, such as medicinal plants or trace elements, in the diet of lambs infected with GINs would improve their immune responses.…”

Impact of Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) Pellets on Parasitological Status, Antibody Responses, and Antioxidant Parameters in Lambs Infected with Haemonchus contortus

“…superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and hydrogen peroxide) [ 10 ]. Feed supplementation with medicinal herbs containing bioactive compounds may attenuate the adverse effects of parasite infection by stimulating endogenous antioxidant defense systems and helping trigger local immune responses in the abomasal mucosa of small ruminants [ 11 , 12 ]. Polyphenols are the most common antioxidants known for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities [ 13 ].…”