Effect of amino acids and α-amanitin on the development of rabbit embryos in modified protein-free KSOM with HEPES

Characteristics of Preimplantational Development of Porcine Parthenogenetic Diploids Relative to the Existence of Amino Acids In Vitro1

“…Many researchers have reported that exogenous amino acids show beneficial effects on preimplantational development of cow [7,[9][10][11][12][13][14], mouse [15][16][17][18][19][20][21], sheep [22,23], rat [24,25], rabbit [26,27], human [28,29], and hamster [30][31][32] embryos. Bavister and Arlotto [33] have reported the effects of single amino acid on hamster embryos.…”

Embryo survival, uterine fluids and tubal SEM in progesterone-asynchronized rabbits

“…McCarthy et al [23] reported that exposure of Day 3 morulae to 1-day asynchronous uterine fluid proteins was detrimental compared to controls. Low concentrations of amino acids [20] in culture media are essential for rabbit blastocyst formation, and Maurer and Beier [22] reported that 0.1 to 0.8 mg . mL -1 of uterine protein fractions obtained 5 and 6 days postovulation were equally effective in promoting morulae to develop into blastocysts.…”

“…I). Furthermore, Liu et al [20] demonstrated that 100% blastocyst formation from zygotes cultured in vitro was possible when a simple protein-free medium included an amino acid supplement totaling 0.36 mg . mL -1 of culture medium.…”

Effect of Potassium Simplex Optimization Medium and NCSU23 Supplemented with Beta-mercaptoethanol and Amino Acids of In Vitro Fertilized Porcine Embryos

“…Among the two, NCSU-23 medium is a basic medium for in vitro culture of porcine embryos and KSOM is a medium for mouse embryo culture [13,15,23,26,27]. KSOM has also been used successfully for culturing bovine and rabbit embryos [28,29]. E x p e r i m e n t s I a n d I I w e r e c o n d u c t e d o n parthenogenetic and IVF embryos to compare NCSU-23 medium and KSOM, respectively.…”

“…Accordingly, in order to further improve the preimplantation porcine IVF embryos, we added AA and β-ME into both media. Several reports have found that the addition of AA and β-ME to maturation and IVC medium has beneficial effects on subsequent embryo development in different species [19,21,22,[28][29][30][31][32][33]. The results of the present study indicate that supplementing porcine IVC medium with β-ME and amino acids (essential and n o n -e s s e n t i a l ) o r β -M E a l o n e a t c e r t a i n concentrations has beneficial effects on subsequent embryo development to the blastocyst stage.…”