Effect of alcohols as additives on the performance of a nano-sized Ru–Zn(2.8%) catalyst for selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene

Sun, Haijie; Jiang, Hou-Bing; Li, Shuaihui; Dong, Yingying; Wang, Hongxia; Pan, Yajie; Liu, Shouchang; Tang, Mingsheng; Liu, Zhongyi

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012.12.041

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Surface modification is one of the most effective approaches to enhance the corresponding selectivity, from which promoters have been proven valid [10]. For instance, Cu [11], Co [12,13], Fe [14], Mn [15], Zn [16][17][18][19][20], La [21,22] and Ce [23] were reported to significantly improve the catalytic selectivity towards cyclohexene formation over Ru catalysts. Liu et al [10] prepared Ru-Ce/SBA-15 catalyst via an impregnation method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Mn3O4 Coated Ru Nanoparticles for Partial Hydrogenation of Benzene towards Cyclohexene Production Using ZnSO4, MnSO4 and FeSO4 as Reaction Additives

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mn3O4 coated Ru nanoparticles (Ru@Mn3O4) were synthesized via a precipitation-reduction-gel method. The prepared catalysts were evaluated for partial hydrogenation of benzene towards cyclohexene generation by applying ZnSO4, MnSO4 and FeSO4 as reaction additives. The fresh and spent catalysts were thoroughly characterized by XRD, X ray fluorescence (XRF), XPS, TEM and N2-physicalsorption in order to understand the promotion effect of Mn3O4 as the modifier as well as ZnSO4, MnSO4 and FeSO4 as reaction additives. It was found that 72.0% of benzene conversion and 79.2% of cyclohexene selectivity was achieved after 25 min of reaction time over Ru@Mn3O4 with a molar ratio of Mn/Ru being 0.46. This can be rationalized in terms of the formed (Zn(OH)2)3(ZnSO4)(H2O)3 on the Ru surface from the reaction between Mn3O4 and the added ZnSO4. Furthermore, Fe2+ and Fe3+ compounds could be generated and adsorbed on the surface of Ru@Mn3O4 when FeSO4 is applied as a reaction additive. The most electrons were transferred from Ru to Fe, resulting in that lowest benzene conversion of 1.5% and the highest cyclohexene selectivity of 92.2% after 25 min of catalytic experiment. On the other hand, by utilizing MnSO4 as an additive, no electrons transfer was observed between Ru and Mn, which lead to the complete hydrogenation of benzene towards cyclohexane within 5 min. In comparison, moderate amount of electrons were transferred from Ru to Zn2+ in (Zn(OH)2)3(ZnSO4)(H2O)3 when ZnSO4 is used as a reaction additive, and the highest cyclohexene yield of 57.0% was obtained within 25 min of reaction time.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Mn3O4 Coated Ru Nanoparticles for Partial Hydrogenation of Benzene towards Cyclohexene Production Using ZnSO4, MnSO4 and FeSO4 as Reaction Additives

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further, the reaction was conducted under the optimized conditions (i.e., 0.600 mol L −1 of NaOH) until benzene was completely conversed (Figure 7c). 66.2% of cyclohexene yield was obtained after 55 min of catalytic experiment, which is one of the highest yield of cyclohexene reported by far [15,28]. However, it was noticed that with increasing concentration of NaOH from 0.600 to 1.200 mol L −1 , the catalytic activity increased and the selectivity to cyclohexene decreased.…”

Section: Catalytic Performancementioning

confidence: 75%

“…ZnSO 4 , in our previous work, as the reaction additive for selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene over Ru-Zn catalysts [23,24], Ru-Mn catalysts [25], Ru-La catalysts [26], as well as Re-Ce catalysts [27] have been systematically investigated. Besides, how PEG-10000 [28] and amines [29] improving the catalytic selectivity towards cyclohexene generation were also studied. Based on the understanding of aforementioned research, the mechanism of NaOH as a reaction additive affecting cyclohexene formation from the selective hydrogenation of benzene is investigated in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene to Cyclohexene over Ru-Zn Catalysts: Mechanism Investigation on NaOH as a Reaction Additive

Sun

Chen

et al. 2018

Catalysts

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ru-Zn catalysts were synthesized via a precipitation method, and the mechanism of NaOH modifying Ru-Zn catalysts on the selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene was thoroughly investigated. Fresh as well as used catalysts were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT), respectively. Before catalytic experiments, metallic Ru and rodlike ZnO were detected from fresh Ru-Zn catalysts. Notably, with the increasing concentration of NaOH added into the reaction medium (e.g., from 0 to 0.6 mol•L −1), the dispersion of ZnO on the Ru surface significantly improved, resulting in the enhancement Ru δ+ species of electron deficiency. The catalytic activity towards benzene conversion was therefore retarded and the selectivity towards cyclohexene was improved. When the added NaOH concentration reached 0.6 mol•L −1 , the atomic ratio of Zn/Ru decreased from 0.27 (when no NaOH was added) to 0.16, benzene conversion of 45.3%, and cyclohexene selectivity of 89.3% was achieved using a batch reactor after 25 min of reaction time. However, with continually increasing the NaOH concentration, i.e., to 1.2 mol•L −1 , parts of ZnO could react with the over-added NaOH, leading to the unfavorable consumption of uniformly dispersed ZnO. This causes the increasing of catalytic activity towards benzene conversion, as well as the decreasing of the selectivity towards cyclohexene. Moreover, no loss of catalytic activity and selectivity towards cyclohexene formation from selective hydrogenation of benzene was observed after 10 times of catalytic experiments without any regeneration.

show abstract

“…Moreover, the more ideal 3D-PN film was fabricated by HBDT with the additive combination of PEG 10000 and 1,4butynediol added into electrolyte. In this paper, the additive PEG 10000 with certain adsorption of metal cations [32] and good hydrophilicity because of hydrogen bond can decrease interfacial tension between the hydrogen bubble and the cathode plate (Scheme 1) and directionally align in the form of meandering structure…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Surfactants on High Regularity of 3D Porous Nickel for Zn²⁺ Adsorption Application

Guo

Zheng

et al. 2014

Journal of Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three-dimensional porous nickel (3D-PN) film with large specific surface area (As) and high porosity has been successfully prepared by hydrogen bubble dynamic template (HBDT) method. This work presents the effects of PEG 10000 and 1,4-butynediol as new additive combination on surface morphology of the PN film. Meanwhile, the application of 3D-PN in Zn2+adsorption was preliminarily investigated in the paper. The surface area is determined as large as 166.7 cm2/mg and the porosity is 0.762 when the concentration of PEG 10000 and 1,4-butynediol was 0.3 g/100 mL and 0.1 g/100 mL, respectively. The adsorption capacity (QtandQ(%)) of PN for Zn2+is observed to be 9.145 mg/g and 0.691 for Zn(NO3)2·6H2O. The morphology and the microstructure, the product formation, theAsthe concentration of the metal ions were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), respectively.

show abstract

Effect of alcohols as additives on the performance of a nano-sized Ru–Zn(2.8%) catalyst for selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Investigation on Mn3O4 Coated Ru Nanoparticles for Partial Hydrogenation of Benzene towards Cyclohexene Production Using ZnSO4, MnSO4 and FeSO4 as Reaction Additives

Investigation on Mn3O4 Coated Ru Nanoparticles for Partial Hydrogenation of Benzene towards Cyclohexene Production Using ZnSO4, MnSO4 and FeSO4 as Reaction Additives

Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene to Cyclohexene over Ru-Zn Catalysts: Mechanism Investigation on NaOH as a Reaction Additive

Effects of Surfactants on High Regularity of 3D Porous Nickel for Zn²⁺ Adsorption Application

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of alcohols as additives on the performance of a nano-sized Ru–Zn(2.8%) catalyst for selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Investigation on Mn3O4 Coated Ru Nanoparticles for Partial Hydrogenation of Benzene towards Cyclohexene Production Using ZnSO4, MnSO4 and FeSO4 as Reaction Additives

Investigation on Mn3O4 Coated Ru Nanoparticles for Partial Hydrogenation of Benzene towards Cyclohexene Production Using ZnSO4, MnSO4 and FeSO4 as Reaction Additives

Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene to Cyclohexene over Ru-Zn Catalysts: Mechanism Investigation on NaOH as a Reaction Additive

Effects of Surfactants on High Regularity of 3D Porous Nickel for Zn2+ Adsorption Application

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of Surfactants on High Regularity of 3D Porous Nickel for Zn²⁺ Adsorption Application