Effect of Air Oxidation on Texture, Surface Properties and Dye Adsorption of Wood-Derived Porous Carbon Materials

Abstract

Hierarchical porous carbon materials made from cork were fabricated using a facile and green method combined with air activation, without any templates and chemical agents. The influence of air activation on the texture and other surface characteristics of the carbon materials were evaluated by various characterization techniques. Results indicate that air oxidation can effectively improve the surface area and the hierarchical porous structure of carbon materials, as well as increase the number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the carbon surface. The specific surface area and the pore volume of the carbon material activated by air at 450 °C (C800-M450) can reach 580 m2/g and 0.379 cm3/g, respectively. These values are considerably higher than those for the non-activated material (C800, 376 m2/g, 0.201 cm3/g). The contents of the functional groups (C–O, C=O and O–H) increased with rising activation temperature. After air activation, the adsorption capacity of the carbon materials for methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) was increased from 7.7 and 6.4 mg/g for C800 to 312.5 and 97.1 mg/g for C800-M450, respectively. The excellent dye removal of the materials suggests that the porous carbon obtained from biomass can be potentially used for wastewater treatment.

Microwave Synthesis, Characterization and Perspectives of Wood Pencil-Derived Carbon

“…This asymmetry is related to the existence of closely spaced peaks of different intensities, generated by different carbon turbostrates [24]. Overall, the obtained carbons resemble the amorphous character of low-temperature woodderived carbons [25].…”

White light-emitting, biocompatible, water-soluble metallic magnesium nanoclusters for bioimaging applications

“…The O 1s spectra displayed a peak at 531.4 eV, which can be attributed to the carbonyl (C=O) functional group [65,66]. Moreover, the S 2p spectrum indicated peaks at 162.5, 162.6, eV, attributed to chemisorbed low coordinated divalent sulfide ions (S 2− ) to the FMNCs surface [46].…”

Analysis of the Effect of Conditions of Preparation of Nitrogen-Doped Activated Carbons Derived from Lotus Leaves by Activation with Sodium Amide on the Formation of Their Porous Structure

“…For adsorption processes from the gaseous phase, e.g., solvent recovery or removal of traces of volatile organic substances, adsorbents produced via chemical activation have better properties, whereas for liquid phase processes, e.g., water treatment, carbons produced via physical steam activation have better properties. Basic methods for the production of activated carbon can be interconnected in different ways, e.g., chemically activated carbons can be subjected to additional physical activation to modify the pore structure of the final product [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

“…It should be stressed that due to the complex structure of biomass and complex mechanisms occurring during carbonization and activation processes affecting the properties of the final product, i.e., activated carbons, in order to obtain its expected porous structure and physicochemical properties, needs comprehensive experimental studies and analyses. In recent years, due to the demand for porous materials with a large specific surface area and high mechanical strength used in environmental protection and power engineering, a dynamic development of research on the processes of production of activated carbons from waste materials of biomass origin has been observed [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”