Effect of adding sugar beet fibre and wheat bran to a starch diet on the absorption kinetics of glucose, amino-nitrogen and volatile fatty acids in the pig

Abstract

-The purpose of this study with the pig was to analyse the influence of the type of dietary fibre on quantitative kinetics of the absorption of nutrients deriving from enzymatic digestion in the small intestine and that of volatile fatty acids (VFA) deriving from microbial digestion in the hindgut influenced by the length of adaptation to the diet. Two groups of four pigs were fitted with a device for measuring absorption by simultaneous analysis of the differences in the porto-arterial concentrations of nutrients and metabolites and of the portal blood flow rate. They received successively two diets containing fish-and heat-treated potato flour, balanced in vitamins and minerals, and only differing in the type of fibre added at the inclusion level of 10 %: wheat bran (S) or sugar beet fibre (P). Following an adaptation period of 30 d (C) or 5 d (A) to each of these diets, and after the last experimental meal of 800 g, the animals were subjected for 12 h to blood samplings every 30-60 min for the analysis of glucose, amino-nitrogen and volatile fatty acids (VFA) with a simultaneous recording of the portal blood flow-rate. The type of dietary fibre did not modify nutrient absorption (glucose and amino-nitrogen) but affected the amounts of VFA appearing in the portal blood. These amounts were higher (P < 0.001) after ingestion of the sugar beet fibre-rich diet (group PC+PA: 766 mmol/12 h) than after that of the wheat bran-rich diet (group SC+SA: 477 mmol/12 h). The proportion of acetic acid in the absorbed mixture rose (PC+PA 63.6 % versus SC+SA 58.5 %, P < 0.01) at the expense of propionic acid (PC+PA 27.4

Hormonal response of pregnant gilts fed a high fiber or a concentrate diet once or twice daily

“…Anderson (1974) demonstrated that the insulin and glucose response to high-fiber diets can depend upon the properties of the starch in the diet. Michel and Rérat (1998) noted that glucose absorption was only slightly modified by the type of fiber, i.e., wheat bran or sugar beet pulp, added to the diet of growing pigs.…”

Forty years of achievement in french research on digestive physiology in the pig

“…Volatile fatty acids are the main products of the digestive flora in the large bowel, allowing a large recovery of energy from nutrients poorly broken down in the small intestine. From several experiments with different energetic [67,128,160,168], it was possible to show that the production and absorption of volatile fatty acids increased more or less with the crude fibre content of the feed, according to its nature, and with the presence of some indigestible carbohydrates such as lactose or sorbitol in the diet. Contrasting with the early energy absorption derived from enzymic degradation, energy absorption under the form of volatile fatty acids occurred later, thus making it possible to partially bridge the energy gap during the interprandial period [145].…”

Glucose, insulin and cholesterol levels in blood of growing pigs given diets with various sources of fbre

“…Soluble dietary fibre, such as guar gum, significantly decreased glucose absorption in the small intestine of pigs (Rainbird et al, 1984), markedly reduced the peak postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations (Heppell, 1985;Sambrook and Rainbird, 1985), and lowered the plasma cholesterol level in rats (Overton et al, 1994). On the other hand, in pigs fed diets with sugar beet fibre and wheat bran, no effect on glucose concentration in portal and arterial blood was observed (Michel and Rerat, 1998).…”