Effect of a Defining Feature on Negative Priming Across the Life Span

Simone, Patricia M.; Mccormick, Eileen B.

doi:10.1080/135062899394957

Cited by 27 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Spatial and identity NP proved to be intact in groups of children, young adults and older adults alike (Simone & McCormick, 1999). It has to be noted, however, that the identity NP task in this study also had a spatial component, so that intact identity NP cannot be inferred from this data.…”

Section: Which Variables Can Explain Individual Differences In Np?mentioning

confidence: 52%

The negative priming paradigm: An update and implications for selective attention

2015

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Negative Priming (NP) is an influential paradigm in cognitive psychology that was originally developed to measure attentional selection. Yet, up to the mid-1990s, a large number of experimental reports questioned whether the NP effect is based on attentional inhibition and/or episodic retrieval processes. In this review, we summarize findings since the mid1990s and discuss new and old theoretical approaches to Negative Priming. We conclude that more than one process contributes to NP and that future research should analyze the conditions under which a particular process contributes to NP. Moreover, we argue that the paradigm -although it does not measure a single cognitive process alone -is still a useful tool for understanding selection in cognition. In fact, it might be a virtue of the paradigm that several cognitive processes work here together as selection in nonexperimental contexts is surely a multidimensional process. From this perspective, research on NP is relevant for all research fields analyzing selection. We therefore close our review by discussing the implications of the new evidence on NP for theories of selective attention.

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Section: Which Variables Can Explain Individual Differences In Np?mentioning

confidence: 52%

The negative priming paradigm: An update and implications for selective attention

2015

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“…These procedural differences may affect factors that influence negative priming (Connelly & Hasher, 1993;May et al, 1995). In fact, several studies with identity-based tasks have reported no negative priming in older adults (e.g., Connelly & Hasher, 1993;McDowd & Oseas-Kreger, 1991), and several location-based studies have reported significant negative priming in this age group (e.g., Connelly & Hasher, 1993;Simone & Baylis, 1997;Simone & McCormick, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of attended repetition trials on negative priming in younger and older adults

et al. 2006

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“…Several findings provided evidence that older adults do not show consistent slowing for recently ignored items across different NP tasks and under the same experimental circumstances as do younger adults (6,13). Although contradictory experimental outcomes also exist (10,31), older adults seemed not to demonstrate reliable NP primarily in identity NP tasks, which require a response to the identity of a target (13,14). In contrast, NP seemed to be preserved in aging when the task required a response to the location of the target (12).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several developmental studies have reported that NP failed to occur in tasks requiring suppression of the identity of distractors in older adults and children, whereas location suppression was spared with age (12,14). These reports from cognitive psychology research were taken as convergent evidence in favor of the existence of at least two separate inhibitory systems involved in identity and location suppression of distractors from visual selective attention tasks, which may be selectively affected across the life span.…”

Section: Fm Rosinmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Absent or diminished NP was reported from neuropsychological studies with people who are supposed to show impaired inhibitory control in selective attention, although not all were more susceptible to interference from a distractor, e.g., adults with schizophrenia (7), focal cerebral damage (8,9), Alzheimer's disease (10), and Huntington's diseases (11). Developmental stage studies also demonstrated that young children and older adults often do not demonstrate reliable NP in selection tasks that require a response to the identity of a target (6,(12)(13)(14)(15). The findings were interpreted as a deficiency in inhibitory attentional mechanisms and were taken as evidence consistent with the view that NP is a marker of the residual inhibition associated with the previous irrelevant stimuli (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing negative priming by attended distractors in a paper-and-pencil task

Rosin

2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The paper-and-pencil digit-comparison task for assessing negative priming (NP) was introduced, using a referent-size-selection procedure that was demonstrated to enhance the effect. NP is indicated by slower responses to recently ignored items, and proposed within the clinical-experimental framework as a major cognitive index of active suppression of distracting information, critical to executive functioning. The digit-comparison task requires circling digits of a list with digit-asterisk pairs (a baseline measure for digit-selection), and the larger of two digits in each pair of the unrelated (with different digits in successive digit-pairs) and related lists (in which the smaller digit subsequently became a target). A total of 56 students (18-38 years) participated in two experiments that explored practice effects across lists and demonstrated reliable NP, i.e., slowing to complete the related list relative to the unrelated list, (F(2, 44) = 52.42, P < 0.0001). A 3rd experiment examined age-related effects. In the paper-and-pencil digit-comparison task, NP was reliable for the younger (N = 8, 18-24 years) and middle-aged adults (N = 8, 31-54 years), but absent for the older group (N = 8, 68-77 years). NP was also reduced with aging in a computer-implemented digit-comparison task, and preserved in a task typically used to test location-specific NP, accounting for the dissociation between identity-and spatial-based suppression of distractors (Rao R(3, 12) = 16.02, P < 0.0002). Since the paper-andpencil digit-comparison task can be administered easily, it can be useful for neuropsychologists seeking practical measures of NP that do not require cumbersome technical equipment.

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Effect of a Defining Feature on Negative Priming Across the Life Span

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

The negative priming paradigm: An update and implications for selective attention

The negative priming paradigm: An update and implications for selective attention

Influence of attended repetition trials on negative priming in younger and older adults

Assessing negative priming by attended distractors in a paper-and-pencil task

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