Efeitos da suplementação de óleo de abacate sobre o perfil lipídico e índices aterogênicos em intervenção duplo-cego e randomizada em pacientes com síndrome metabólica

Abstract

Introdução: A síndrome metabólica é definida como um conjunto de condições clínicas que acometem cerca de 25% da população mundial e 29,6% dos brasileiros. Essa síndrome está relacionada ao aumento dos desfechos cardiovasculares, que podem ser preditos através do perfil lipídico. Compostos bioativos, tais como os ácidos graxos monoinsaturados (MUFA), são fortes aliados na prevenção desses desfechos. Um alimento importante por conter compostos bioativos e MUFA em abundância é o abacate. Há, porém, poucos estudos avaliando o efeito do óleo puro/virgem de abacate sobre o perfil lipídico em humanos com síndrome metabólica, e seus efeitos sobre os índices aterogênicos inexistem. Objetivo: O estudo buscou avaliar a suplementação de óleo de abacate sobre os níveis lipídicos e índices aterogênicos em pacientes portadores de síndrome metabólica. Método: 31 indivíduos adultos e obesos foram randomizados em grupo controle (óleo de soja) e grupo intervenção (óleo de abacate). Estes foram avaliados nos períodos pré e pós-intervenção (12 semanas) através de anamnese clínica e avaliação nutricional. Resultados: Observou-se que tanto o grupo controle quanto o grupo intervenção tinham a ingestão de lipídeos e gordura saturada maior que o recomendável. Quanto ao perfil lipídico e índices aterogênicos, não foi observada diferença significativa entre os períodos pré e pós. Conclusão: Os resultados podem ter se dado pela ausência do controle alimentar, sobrecarga de medicamentos, duração da intervenção, modo de administração e dose do suplemento. Logo, são necessários estudos futuros sobre os efeitos do óleo de abacate nessa população, que controlem melhor essas variáveis.

Effects of Avocado Products on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults: A GRADE ‐Assessed Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“… 2013 ), Brazil (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al. 2023 ), and South Africa (Pieterse et al. 2005 ), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al.…”

“… 2005 ), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al. 2023 ), overweight and obese (Lichtenstein et al. 2022 ; Martínez‐Abundis et al.…”

“…Following this, 36 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 17 studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Ultimately, nine (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023) RCTs were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (Figure 1).…”

“…This meta-analysis incorporates data from 10 RCTs with a total of 2354 participants (1181 cases and 1173 controls), published between 2005 and 2024. All of the studies followed a randomized parallel design (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023). Sample sizes ranged from 13 to 1008 participants, with trial durations spanning 4-24 weeks.…”

“…The trials were conducted in the USA (Lichtenstein et al 2022;Matthan et al 2024;Scott et al 2017;Zhang et al 2022), Australia (Zhao et al 2023), Mexico (Martínez-Abundis et al 2013), Brazil (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023), and South Africa (Pieterse et al 2005), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023), overweight and obese (Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Zhao et al 2023), and healthy individuals (Hernández Salazar et al 2022). Nine studies involving both sexes (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023), and one involving women was conducted (Martínez-Abundis et al 2013). The avocado supplements consumed daily ranged from 25 to 300 g.…”

Effects of Avocado Products on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults: A GRADE ‐Assessed Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“… 2013 ), Brazil (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al. 2023 ), and South Africa (Pieterse et al. 2005 ), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al.…”

“… 2005 ), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al. 2023 ), overweight and obese (Lichtenstein et al. 2022 ; Martínez‐Abundis et al.…”

“…Following this, 36 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 17 studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Ultimately, nine (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023) RCTs were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (Figure 1).…”

“…This meta-analysis incorporates data from 10 RCTs with a total of 2354 participants (1181 cases and 1173 controls), published between 2005 and 2024. All of the studies followed a randomized parallel design (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023). Sample sizes ranged from 13 to 1008 participants, with trial durations spanning 4-24 weeks.…”

“…The trials were conducted in the USA (Lichtenstein et al 2022;Matthan et al 2024;Scott et al 2017;Zhang et al 2022), Australia (Zhao et al 2023), Mexico (Martínez-Abundis et al 2013), Brazil (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023), and South Africa (Pieterse et al 2005), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023), overweight and obese (Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Zhao et al 2023), and healthy individuals (Hernández Salazar et al 2022). Nine studies involving both sexes (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023), and one involving women was conducted (Martínez-Abundis et al 2013). The avocado supplements consumed daily ranged from 25 to 300 g.…”

Effects of Avocado Products on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults: A GRADE ‐Assessed Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“… 2013 ), Brazil (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al. 2023 ), and South Africa (Pieterse et al. 2005 ), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al.…”

“… 2005 ), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al. 2023 ), overweight and obese (Lichtenstein et al. 2022 ; Martínez‐Abundis et al.…”

“…Following this, 36 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 17 studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Ultimately, nine (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023) RCTs were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (Figure 1).…”

“…This meta-analysis incorporates data from 10 RCTs with a total of 2354 participants (1181 cases and 1173 controls), published between 2005 and 2024. All of the studies followed a randomized parallel design (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023). Sample sizes ranged from 13 to 1008 participants, with trial durations spanning 4-24 weeks.…”

“…The trials were conducted in the USA (Lichtenstein et al 2022;Matthan et al 2024;Scott et al 2017;Zhang et al 2022), Australia (Zhao et al 2023), Mexico (Martínez-Abundis et al 2013), Brazil (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023), and South Africa (Pieterse et al 2005), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023), overweight and obese (Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Zhao et al 2023), and healthy individuals (Hernández Salazar et al 2022). Nine studies involving both sexes (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023), and one involving women was conducted (Martínez-Abundis et al 2013). The avocado supplements consumed daily ranged from 25 to 300 g.…”

Effects of Avocado Products on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults: A GRADE ‐Assessed Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“… 2013 ), Brazil (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al. 2023 ), and South Africa (Pieterse et al. 2005 ), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al.…”

“… 2005 ), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al. 2023 ), overweight and obese (Lichtenstein et al. 2022 ; Martínez‐Abundis et al.…”

“…Following this, 36 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 17 studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Ultimately, nine (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023) RCTs were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (Figure 1).…”

“…This meta-analysis incorporates data from 10 RCTs with a total of 2354 participants (1181 cases and 1173 controls), published between 2005 and 2024. All of the studies followed a randomized parallel design (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023). Sample sizes ranged from 13 to 1008 participants, with trial durations spanning 4-24 weeks.…”

“…The trials were conducted in the USA (Lichtenstein et al 2022;Matthan et al 2024;Scott et al 2017;Zhang et al 2022), Australia (Zhao et al 2023), Mexico (Martínez-Abundis et al 2013), Brazil (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023), and South Africa (Pieterse et al 2005), and metabolic syndrome (Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023), overweight and obese (Lichtenstein et al 2022;Martínez-Abundis et al 2013;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Zhao et al 2023), and healthy individuals (Hernández Salazar et al 2022). Nine studies involving both sexes (Hernández Salazar et al 2022;Lichtenstein et al 2022;Matthan et al 2024;Pieterse et al 2005;Scott et al 2017;Souza Fernandes Azevedo et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022;Zhao et al 2023), and one involving women was conducted (Martínez-Abundis et al 2013). The avocado supplements consumed daily ranged from 25 to 300 g.…”