Educational attainment could be a protective factor against obstructive sleep apnea: a study based on Mendelian randomization

Song, Lijuan; Li, Hao; Wang, Jia; Xie, Junyang; Chen, Gui; Liang, Tianhao; Wang, Yiyan; Ye, Liyao; Wang, Xiaofen; Kuang, Xiaoxuan; Ren, Mei; Ye, Jinfeng; Yiping, Tang; Ji, Ketong; Liao, Wenjing; Zhang, Xiaowen

doi:10.21037/jtd-21-945

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In alignment with the results from a previous study, lung function, as well as the quality of sleep, were worse in patients with tuberculosis compared with their non-tuberculosis family members ( 43 ). However, in contrast to previous studies, higher educational level was unexpectedly associated with an increased risk of likely OSA in the present study ( 44 , 45 ), warranting further research.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and factors associated with likely obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with airflow limitation

Kim,

Sim,

Choi

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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IntroductionObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequently associated with airflow limitation (AFL). However, information on the prevalence of and factors associated with likely OSA in individuals with AFL in Korea is limited.MethodsData from the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used, and 3,280 individuals (2,826 individuals without AFL and 454 individuals with AFL) were included. AFL was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.7. A score ≥ 5 on the STOP-BANG questionnaire was used to identify individuals with likely OSA. The prevalence of likely OSA was compared between individuals with and without AFL. In addition, factors associated with likely OSA in individuals with AFL were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf 3,280 individuals, 13.8% had an AFL. The prevalence of likely OSA was significantly higher in individuals with AFL than in individuals without AFL (9.2% vs. 5.0%, p = 0.014). Among 454 individuals with AFL, obesity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 14.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.20–52.02) was most strongly associated with likely OSA, followed by heavy alcohol consumption (aOR = 4.93, 95% CI = 1.91–12.70), hypertension (aOR = 4.92, 95% CI = 1.57–15.46), overweight (aOR = 4.71, 95% CI = 1.76–12.64), college graduate (aOR = 4.47, 95% CI = 1.10–18.22), and history of pulmonary tuberculosis (aOR = 3.40, 95% CI = 1.06–10.96).ConclusionIn Korea, approximately 1 in 10 individuals with AFL had likely OSA. Overweight and obesity, heavy alcohol consumption, high educational level, hypertension, and history of pulmonary tuberculosis were associated with likely OSA in individuals with AFL.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and factors associated with likely obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with airflow limitation

Kim,

Sim,

Choi

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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“…Our data improved statistical reliability by using summary statistics from the greatest GWAS studies for educational attainment and SA. Our results were in line with earlier MR research investigating the relationship between education level and SA (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Assessing the causal associations of sleep apnea with mental health and socioeconomic status: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective Traditional observational research has suggested a connection between socioeconomic position, mental health, and sleep apnea (SA), but the specifics of this connection are still unclear. Using the Mendelian randomization approach, we intended to evaluate the potential causal link between mental health, socioeconomic status, and SA. Methods Our research employed summary statistics data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on mental health, socioeconomic status, and SA. In the main study, the connection between mental health, socioeconomic status, and SA was examined using the inverse variance weighted approach. In addition, as a supplement, we also used other Mendelian randomization methods, including MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mold. Results The primary analysis showed that educational attainment, including longer years of schooling, college or university degree, and higher intelligence was associated with a lower risk of SA (OR = 0.750, 95%CI = 0.653–0.862; OR = 0.558, 95%CI = 0.423–0.735; OR = 0.871, 95%CI = 0.760–0.999, respectively), while social deprivation was associated with a higher risk of SA (OR = 1.821, 95%CI = 1.075–3.085). And the income was not associated with the risk of sleep apnea (OR = 0.877, 95%CI = 0.682–1.129). In mental health exposure, major depressive disorder was associated with a higher risk of sleep apnea (OR = 1.196, 95%CI = 1.015–1.409), while attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia were not associated with the risk of sleep apnea (OR = 1.064, 95%CI = 0.958–1.181; OR = 1.030, 95%CI = 0.942–1.127; OR = 0.990, 95%CI = 0.957–1.025, respectively). Reverse MR analysis failed to find a causal effect from SA to mental health and socioeconomic status. Conclusions This MR investigation offers proof of a possible causal relationship between SA, socioeconomic level, and mental health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Assessing the causal associations of sleep apnea with mental health and socioeconomic status: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization

Wu,

Li,

Chen

et al. 2024

BMC Med Genomics

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Objective Traditional observational research has suggested a connection between socioeconomic position, mental health, and sleep apnea (SA), but the specifics of this connection are still unclear. Using the Mendelian randomization approach, we intended to evaluate the potential causal link between mental health, socioeconomic status, and SA. Methods Our research employed summary statistics data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on mental health, socioeconomic status, and SA. In the main study, the connection between mental health, socioeconomic status, and SA was examined using the inverse variance weighted approach. In addition, as a supplement, we also used other Mendelian randomization methods, including MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. Results The primary analysis showed that educational attainment, including longer years of schooling, college or university degree, and higher intelligence was associated with a lower risk of SA (OR = 0.750, 95%CI = 0.653–0.862; OR = 0.558, 95%CI = 0.423–0.735; OR = 0.871, 95%CI = 0.760–0.999, respectively), while social deprivation was associated with a higher risk of SA (OR = 1.821, 95%CI = 1.075–3.085). And the income was not associated with the risk of sleep apnea (OR = 0.877, 95%CI = 0.682–1.129). In mental health exposure, major depressive disorder was associated with a higher risk of sleep apnea (OR = 1.196, 95%CI = 1.015–1.409), while attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia were not associated with the risk of sleep apnea (OR = 1.064, 95%CI = 0.958–1.181; OR = 1.030, 95%CI = 0.942–1.127; OR = 0.990, 95%CI = 0.957–1.025, respectively). Reverse MR analysis failed to find a causal effect from SA on mental health and socioeconomic status. Conclusions This MR investigation offers proof of a possible causal relationship between SA, socioeconomic level, and mental health.

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Educational attainment could be a protective factor against obstructive sleep apnea: a study based on Mendelian randomization

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence of and factors associated with likely obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with airflow limitation

Prevalence of and factors associated with likely obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with airflow limitation

Assessing the causal associations of sleep apnea with mental health and socioeconomic status: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization

Assessing the causal associations of sleep apnea with mental health and socioeconomic status: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization

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