Editorial: Engineering probiotics for multiple interventions on intestinal diseases

Abstract

Editorial on the Research Topic:Engineering probiotics for multiple interventions on intestinal diseases Gut microbiota, known as an important "organ" of the human body, plays an important role in regulating the host immune response, repairing the intestinal barrier, and resisting pathogenic bacteria invasion. The imbalance of intestinal microbiota is closely related to digestive system diseases, accelerating the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), acute or chronic radiation bowel disease, colonic constipation, diarrhoea and other intestinal diseases. Microecological therapy targeting the structure and function of gut microbiota has attracted extensive attention in the biomedical scientific community (Cani, 2018) . The network metaanalysis (NMA) conducted by Zhang et al. suggested that B.coagulans had prominent efficacy in treating IBS patients. Thus incorporating B.coagulans into a probiotic combination, or genetically engineering the strain to amplify its biological function may be potential routes to treat IBS. Lyu et al. highlighted the mechanisms of SpA by which the gut microbiota impact gut inflammation and trigger the immune responses and discussed the potential of probiotics being an adjunctive therapy for SpA. Hao et al. evaluated the efficacy of probiotics in combination with prebiotics to treat patients suffering from hypothyroidism complications with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth during the second trimester of pregnancy. Yin and Zhu's systematic review on the meta-analysis of clinical trials suggested probiotics have potential value in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD)-related constipation.With the development of multi-omics technologies, the genetic and metabolic characteristics of the gut microbiota have been deeply explored to develop new therapeutic interventions for the host (Agrawal et al., 2022). Modelling the spatial interaction network of gut microbiota has been built to reveal the causal relationship between spatial variability and changes in health states (Cao et al., 2022). Intestinal homeostasis is maintained in a dynamic equilibrium by balancing the contribution of different players, including diet and drug use. Traditional Chinese medicine and natural products play an important role in this process. Gut microbiota act as important regulators in inflammation and metabolic disorders (Wang et al., 2021a), relying on microbial metabolites and their interactions with receptors on host cells to activate or inhibit signalling pathways (Wang et al., 2021b). Che et al. elucidated Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology frontiersin.org 01

Short‐Term Ingestion of Essential Amino Acid Based Nutritional Supplements or Whey Protein Improves the Physical Function of Older Adults Independently of Gut Microbiome

“…[49] Interestingly, we have also found the low abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Tannerellaceae families in the gut microbiome of our few study subjects of both the groups, which have been known to be increased during ageing and promote the occurrence of inflammation. [50,51] But the higher coverage of other preoccupied healthy gut microbiome could improve the immune cell functions by reducing Enterobacteriaceae and Tannerellaceae mediated inflammations. For example, Akkermansiaceae is associated with a healthier metabolic status and better clinical outcomes including facilitating the growth of butyrate producers, prevention of cellular senescence, reducing inflammation and the risk of cardiometabolic disease in humans with overweight or obesity.…”

Alterations in microbiota of patients with COVID‐19: implications for therapeutic interventions

“…The concentrations of SCFAs, especially butyric acid, were also changed by mucosal immunity, further suggesting that vaccination affected the composition and metabolite levels of gut microbiota. In turn, the gut microbiome and its metabolites may influence the immunogenicity of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines 111,136 . Although the mechanism of this vaccine‐induced change in the microbiota and the bidirectional regulation of metabolites and inflammatory immune response caused by the changes in the microbiota has not been elucidated, exploring the relevant mechanisms provides new ideas for the optimization of vaccines and the selection of adjuvants.…”