Edge effects of roads on temperature, light, canopy cover, and canopy height in laurel and pine forests (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

Delgado, Juan D.; Arroyo, Natalia L.; Arévalo, José Ramón; Fernández‐Palacios, José María

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.01.005

Cited by 161 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Our findings also suggest that landscape-scale variables represent a driving force for microclimate configuration of forest fragments and reinforce the notion that edge effects and the microclimate of fragments are greatly affected by the structural attributes of the surrounding matrix at both local and landscape level [4,7,10]. Creation of forest edges triggers noticeable and persistent shifts along the edges of forest fragments, particularly in terms of microclimate conditions [31][32][33]. Specifically, forest edges are expected to be highly impacted by increased light availability in response to a high incidence of treefall gaps (at least in the aftermath of forest fragmentation) and lateral light penetration [13,34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Landscape Attributes Drive Complex Spatial Microclimate Configuration of Brazilian Atlantic Forest Fragments

Pinto

Mendes

Santos

et al. 2010

Tropical Conservation Science

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Habitat fragmentation imposes profound impacts on the tropical forest microclimate, but the microclimatic configuration of isolated forest patches and its implications for biodiversity persistence and habitat management are not clear. In this study we assessed a set of 10 aged (> 80 years) fragments (3.0 -3,500 ha in size) of the Atlantic forest to examine to what extent fragment microclimatic attributes are correlated with distance to the nearest edge as frequently proposed in the literature. We used 129 sampling points and took a total of 516 measures of air temperature and humidity, vapor pressure deficit and light incidence to characterize the microclimate of forest fragments in terms of their relative deviation from the surrounding matrix. Fragments as a whole presented strong internal variation and strongly differed from the microclimate exhibited by the open matrix of sugar-cane fields. Distance to nearest edge, percentage of forest cover around the measurement point, percentage of edge-affected area, and geographical orientation of the nearest edge all proved to have minor effects on the microclimate of forest fragments. Conversely, we identified percentage of forest cover and fragment area as the most significant explanatory variables driving their microclimatic configuration: as forest cover increases at landscape scale, forest microclimate deviates less from the open matrix (a forest-mediated matrix buffering). Our results suggest that microclimatic conditions are spatially complex, as they do not correlate with the distance to the nearest forest edges; rather, they are driven by a forest-mediated buffering of the surrounding matrix that minimizes heat and humidity exchanges between forest and non-forest habitats, thus shaping the microclimatic signature of isolated forest fragments. Keywords: edge effects; habitat fragmentation; hyper-fragmented landscapes; microclimate; tropical forest. ResumenLa fragmentación del hábitat tiene importantes impactos en el microclima de los bosques tropicales, pero los determinantes del microclima en fragmentos aislados y sus efectos sobre la biodiversidad y el manejo de estos ecosistemas aún son mal comprendidos. En este estudio, analizamos un total de 10 fragmentos de bosque (3 -3,500 ha) aislados por más de 80 años para entender como los parámetros microclimáticos responden a características del paisaje, de los fragmentos, a la distancia al borde más próximo. Para ello, en un total de 129 puntos tomamos 516 mediciones de temperatura del aire, humedad relativa del aire, déficit de presión de vapor e incidencia de luz difusa para caracterizar el microclima de estos fragmentos en relación a los valores de la matriz adyacente. Como esperado, los fragmentos presentaron fuerte variación interna y diferirán largamente del microclima encontrado en la matriz no-forestal. La distancia al borde y otras tres variables no presentaron efectos muy significativos sobre el microclima de los fragmentos como un todo. Por otro lado, identificamos que el porcentaje de cobertura...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Landscape Attributes Drive Complex Spatial Microclimate Configuration of Brazilian Atlantic Forest Fragments

Pinto

Mendes

Santos

et al. 2010

Tropical Conservation Science

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“…On the Canary Islands, the infrastructure has radically improved since the 1950s (Pott et al 2003). Currently, the Canary Islands have the highest road density of all the European oceanic islands (6 km km -2 ), which strongly affects the remaining laurel and pine forest ecosystems (Delgado et al 2007). However, the relationship between the mixed populations and the road verges was not absolute; some mixed populations were found outside road verges in other types of disturbed habitat such as arable fields.…”

Section: Hybridization and Anthropogenic Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

Human-induced hybridization among congeneric endemic plants on Tenerife, Canary Islands

et al. 2012

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Endemic genera on oceanic islands often evolved striking morphological and ecological differences among species, with weak postzygotic reproductive isolation. Human activities can lead to increased connectivity and can thereby promote secondary contact and hybridization between previously isolated species. We studied this phenomenon in three species of the genus Pericallis (Asteraceae) on Tenerife, Canary Islands. A total of 53 populations was sampled, including morphologically uniform as well as mixed populations containing morphologically diverse individuals. All plants were analyzed both genetically using AFLP markers and morphometrically. As expected, morphological analysis clearly separated the plants from the uniform populations in three clusters, with distinguishing characters corresponding to those used in species identification. The three species were also grouped into distinct genetic clusters in a STRUCTURE analysis, although no private alleles were observed. Adding the mixed population data to the analyses provided evidence for extensive hybridization among species, predominantly between P. cruenta and P. echinata, and between P. cruenta and P. tussilaginis, and morphological and genetic signals were congruent. The mixed populations were geographically located in between the uniform populations and were found in road verges significantly more often than the uniform populations. The observed distribution strongly suggests that hybridization between originally isolated species is recent, promoted by secondary contact due to human disturbance and the construction of roads.

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“…CASENAVE et al (1995) found both lower tree height and higher density at the edge in a semi-arid forest in the Argentinean Chaco and the same was reported in a temperate deciduous forest in Canada (BURKE; NOL, 1998). Also, Laurel and Pine forests in Tenerife, Canary Islands, had smaller trees in the edge compared to the forest interior (DELGADO et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Microclimatic and edaphic conditions at forest edge are generally different from fragment interior (KAPOS, 1989;CAMARGO;KAPOS, 1995;JOSE et al, 1996;WILLIAMS-LINERA, et al, 1998;BURKE;NOL, 1998;RODRIGUES, 1998;DIDHAM and LAWTON, 1999;DAVIES-COLLEY et al, 2000;GEHLHAUSEN et al, 2000;DELGADO et al, 2007, POHLMAN, 2009). These studies indicate that edges have higher values of air and soil temperature, wind speed, vapor pressure deficit, and lower air and soil humidity than forest interior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efeito de borda na diversidade, composição e estrutura da comunidade arbórea em uma floresta estacional decidual no Brasil Central

Sampaio

Scariot

2011

Rev. Árvore

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-The effects of edge distance on the structure, composition and diversity of tree community, considering individuals of all size classes, were studied in a well-preserved fragment of deciduous dry forest in northeastern Goiás state, Brazil. Plots were systematically established at six distances (0, 40, 80, 160, 280 and 400 m) from the edge, over 10 orthogonal transects on the forest-pasture edge. It was sampled 602 adult individuals/ha, 8,927 saplings/ha and 54,167 seedlings/ha distributed in 58 species. Although the composition of seedlings and adult individuals varied significantly over the forest-pasture gradient, the variation explained by edge distance was below 4%. Among parameters of community structure and tested diversity indexes, there was significant variation only for diversity of seedlings and height of adult trees among forest-pasture edge distances. The dry forest fragment showed only a slight edge effect on the evaluated tree community parameters. This conclusion contrasts with findings from studies on tropical rain forests which indicate sharp differences between edge and interior tree communities in forest fragments.

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Edge effects of roads on temperature, light, canopy cover, and canopy height in laurel and pine forests (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

Cited by 161 publications

References 64 publications

Landscape Attributes Drive Complex Spatial Microclimate Configuration of Brazilian Atlantic Forest Fragments

Landscape Attributes Drive Complex Spatial Microclimate Configuration of Brazilian Atlantic Forest Fragments

Human-induced hybridization among congeneric endemic plants on Tenerife, Canary Islands

Efeito de borda na diversidade, composição e estrutura da comunidade arbórea em uma floresta estacional decidual no Brasil Central

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