Ectopic breast cancer: case report and literature review

Marshall, M. Blair; Moynihan, John; Frost, Andra; Evans, Stephen

doi:10.1016/0960-7404(94)90032-9

Cited by 134 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The disease follows similar prognostic indices as those of anatomic breast carcinoma (20). Certain authors have reported that carcinoma of accessory breast tissue may metastasize to the lymph nodes earlier and more frequently compared with anatomic breast carcinoma, since it usually occurs under the axilla or in the inguinal region, where there is an abundance of lymph nodes and capillaries (19,21).…”

Section: Current Case -----------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 77%

Male accessory breast cancer successfully treated with endocrine therapy: A case report

Shi

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. Male accessory breast cancer is an extremely rare tumor. Several risk factors have been identified, including genetic and hormonal abnormalities. Accessory breast carcinoma usually occurs under the axilla or in the inguinal region. Clinical diagnosis is frequently delayed due to the general lack of awareness among physicians and patients. In the present study, the case of a 63-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with accessory breast cancer at a local advanced stage was reported. However, the patient was successfully treated with endocrine therapy.

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Section: Current Case -----------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 77%

Male accessory breast cancer successfully treated with endocrine therapy: A case report

Shi

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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“…Evans and Guyton suggested that radical or modified radical surgery offered no advantage over local excision combined with axillary dissection or radiation with respect to outcome (2). It has been proposed that the surgical procedure of choice for ectopic breast carcinoma involves a wide resection of the tumour with surrounding tissue, including the skin and regional lymph nodes (3,26). Mastectomy is not indicated if clinical examination, mammography and ultrasonography of the anatomic breast reveal no signs of disease, but should be performed when differential diagnosis is challenging (17,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evans et al (2) reported that 71% of ectopic breast cancers were located in the axilla. Marshall et al (3) reported that 58% occurred in the axilla, 18.5% in the parasternal, 8.6% in the subclavicular, 8.6% in the submammary, and 4% in the vulvar; 94.7% of patients were women, and only 5.3% were men. Breast tissues develop from the ectodermal ridges, also known as the milk lines, on the ventral surface of the body, which extend from the axillae to the inguinal regions and end on the medial aspect of the thighs on each side of the body (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast cancer in 11 patients

Zhang

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast cancer, and contribute valuable information regarding this rare tumour to the current literature, ultimately facilitating the development of improved treatment strategies. The present study reported the cases of 11 patients with accessory breast cancer. The patients with accessory breast cancer were admitted between January 2002 and June 2014, and the patient records were retrospectively analysed. All patients presented with a tumour that was localised in the axilla. Out of these patients, there were 8 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma and 3 patients with invasive lobular carcinoma. The follow-up periods for patients ranged between 4 and 54 months. Out of the 5 patients that experienced neoplasm metastases, 4 patients succumbed to the disease. In total, 6 patients remain alive with no evidence of disease. Accessory breast cancer is a progressive tumour, and long-term follow-up is required. A comprehensive treatment strategy may be an effective treatment option for patients; however, the optimal time at which to commence chemotherapy and the role of combined radiotherapy and endocrine therapy require additional investigation. IntroductionPrimary carcinomas of ectopic breast tissue have been reported in only a small number of cases and the axilla was the most frequent site of the primary tumor (1). Evans et al (2) reported that 71% of ectopic breast cancers were located in the axilla. Marshall et al (3) reported that 58% occurred in the axilla, 18.5% in the parasternal, 8.6% in the subclavicular, 8.6% in the submammary, and 4% in the vulvar; 94.7% of patients were women, and only 5.3% were men. Breast tissues develop from the ectodermal ridges, also known as the milk lines, on the ventral surface of the body, which extend from the axillae to the inguinal regions and end on the medial aspect of the thighs on each side of the body (4). Embryologically, ectopic breast tissue develops as a result of failed resolution of the mammary ridge, an ectodermal thickening that extends from the axilla to the groin (5). Ectopic breast tissue may appear at any site along the milk line, but it occurs most commonly in the axill; less commonly, it may appear in locations outside of the mammary ridge, including the face, middle back, buttock, posterior neck, chest, vulva, hip, posterior, flank and/or lateral thigh, shoulder and upper extremities (4,6).The diagnostic procedures and therapeutic management of accessory breast carcinoma are not definitively established. The present study aimed to perform an analysis of a series of patients with accessory breast cancer that were treated exclusively with combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as to review the medical literature with regard to the clinical features, treatment methods and prognosis of this disease. The present study reports 11 such cases, with the goal of contributing valuable information about this unusual tumour to the current literat...

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“…Ovakvo ektopično tkivo je pod povećanim rizikom za nastanak benignih promena (mastitis, fibrocistična bolest, fibroadenom, atipična displazija), karcinoma [4,5,6,10,14], čak i sarkoma [21] dojke.…”

Section: Slika 6 Artemida Iz Efesaunclassified

Fibroadenoma of accessory breast tissue in axilla

Đerković¹,

Mitic²,

Vukicevic³

et al. 2014

Praxis Med

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Razvoj akcesornog tkiva dojke je posledica izostanka regresije zaostataka mlečne linije u toku embriogeneze. Ovakvi zaostaci mogu se naći bilo gde na ventralnoj strani tela, protežući se od aksile do pubičnog regiona a najčešće se mogu naći u regiji aksile. Na ovakvom tkivu mogu se pojaviti skoro istovetne promene koje zahvataju i normalnu dojku, od benignih netumorskih promena do benignih i malignih tumora. Prikazan je slučaj 23-godišnje žene koja je imala unilateralnu, solitarnu promenu u aksili koja je hirurški odstranjena. Uputna dijagnoza je bila: "Lymphadenopathia axillaris lat. sin.". Nakon odstranjenja promene i standardne patohistološke evaluacije na rutinskim hematoksilin-eozin (HE) preparatima postavljena je dijagnoza fibroadenoma, koja je primenom imunohistohemijskih (IHH) bojenja potvrđena i u skladu je sa nalazima kod klasičnog fibroadenoma. Akcesorno tkivo dojke u aksili je redak nalaz, a tumori u ovakvom tkivu još su ređi. Patohistološka potvrda je obavezna, pri čemu se moraju isključiti maligni tumori koji su češći u ovakvim slučajevima i javljaju se u ranijem uzrastu.Ključne reči: Akcesorno tkivo dojke, ektopično tkivo dojke, fibroadenom. UVODEktopično tkivo dojke nastaje zbog izostanka regesije zaostataka ektodermalnih nabora mlečne linije, na ventralnoj strani tela, protežući se od aksile do pubičnog regiona.Akcesorne dojke se pojavljuju češće kod žena sa učestalošću 2-6%. Na ovakvom tkivu se mogu pojaviti skoro sve vrste promena koje zahvataju normalnu dojku, od benignih netumorskih promena do malignih tumora.Fibroadenomi su najčešći tumori dojke uopšte, a prezentuju se u vidu jasno ograničenih, bezbolnih, inkapsuliranih masa, kod mlađih žena.Mi u ovom radu prezentujemo slučaj 23-godišnje žene sa potkožnom tumorskom promenom u aksili, koja je histološki potvrđena kao fibroadenom dojke. PRIKAZ SLUČAJAU našem prikazu slučaja radi se o 23-godišnjoj ženi, koja je primljena i stacionirana na Klinici za hirurgiju KBC Priština (Gračanica), sa žalbom na postepeno uvećanje "limfnog čvora" u aksili. Promena postepeno raste 15 meseci, a pacijentkinja doskora nije imala značajnijih simptoma, osim povremenog osećaja zatezanja, težine, trnjenja i diskomfora u pokretima i funkciji ruke. Dojke pacijentkinje su normalno razvijene, bez palpatorno uočljivih promena.Ostale sekundarne seksualne karakteristike su normalno razvijene.Druge razvojne malformacije nisu nađene, kao ni slične promene i druge specifičnosti u porodičnoj anamnezi, osim što je majka operisala karcinom dojke 1998.g. Pacijentiknja nije rađala. Tokom ciklusa nije dolazilo do uvećavanja čvora ili pojave bola u aksili. Na palpatornom pregledu promena je bila bezbolna, solitarna, jasno ograničena, pokretna u odnosu na okolinu, veličine većeg oraha, srednje-čvrste, elastične konzistencije.Hirurškom ekscizijom u totalnoj anesteziji čvor je kompletno odstranjen a materijal je poslat na Insititut za patologiju Medicinskog fakulteta u Prištini (Kosovska Mitrovica). Pacijentkinja je ostala u bolnici jedan dan a postoperativni tok je bio uobičajen, bez ...

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Ectopic breast cancer: case report and literature review

Cited by 134 publications

References 10 publications

Male accessory breast cancer successfully treated with endocrine therapy: A case report

Male accessory breast cancer successfully treated with endocrine therapy: A case report

Diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast cancer in 11 patients

Fibroadenoma of accessory breast tissue in axilla

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