Economical joining of tubular steel towers for wind turbines employing non-vacuum electron beam welding for high-strength steels in comparison with submerged arc welding

Hassel, Thomas; Konya, R.; Collmann, Mareike; Schaumann, Peter; Priebe, Stephan; Deißer, Todd Alexander; Beniyash, A.; Murray, N.; Bach, Fr.‐W.

doi:10.1007/s40194-013-0050-6

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The experiments on welding S960QL, S1100QL and S1300QL steel using electron beam at atmospheric pressure showed that welding with a filler material allows for producing defect-free joints, however, during tensile testing the sample ruptured in the HAZ [18,19]. Despite this issue, the technological conditions were elaborated for welding S690QL and S960QL steel elements, intended for applications in wind towers, using an electron beam at atmospheric pressure [20]. It was described in this study that during the welding of elements with a thickness of 30 mm, a problem of hot cracking can appear.…”

Section: Base Metalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Electron Beam Welded Joints of High Strength S960QL and Weldox 1300 Steel Grades

Błacha¹,

Węglowski²,

Dymek³

et al. 2017

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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The paper shows the results of metallographic examination and mechanical properties of electron beam welded joints of quenched and tempered S960QL and Weldox 1300 steel grades. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of producing good quality electron beam welded joints without filler material.Metallographic examination revealed that the concentrated electron beam significantly affects the changes of microstructure in the weld and the adjacent heat affected zone (HAZ) in both steel grades. The microstructure of the welded joints is not homogeneous. The four zones, depending on the distance from the weld face, can be distinguished. Basically, the microstructure of the weld consists of a mixture of martensite and bainite. However, the microstructure of HAZ depends on the distance from the fusion line. It is composed of martensite near the fusion line and a mixture of bainite and ferrite in the vicinity of the base material.Significant differences in mechanical properties of the welded joints were observed. For a butt welded joint of the S960QL steel grade the strength is at the level of the strength of the base material (R m = 1074 MPa). During the bending test the required angle of 180° was achieved. The impact strength at -40°C was 71,7 J/cm 2 . In the case of the Weldox 1300 steel grade butt welded joints exhibit high mechanical properties (R m = 1470 MPa), however, the plastic properties are on the lower level than for the base material.Keywords: electron beam welding, high strength quenched and tempered steel, weld microstructure

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Section: Base Metalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Electron Beam Welded Joints of High Strength S960QL and Weldox 1300 Steel Grades

Błacha¹,

Węglowski²,

Dymek³

et al. 2017

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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“…In recent decades, these grades of low carbon steels are now fabricated as Al removed, uninterrupted cast components and supplied to meet a wide range of diversified applications covering home appliances, automotive body cabinets, thin-walled tanks etc. [3][4][5]. At the same time, their tendency to get corroded easily degrades the lifetime of the components fabricated using this low carbon steels and creates a necessity to join them together with other different metals, especially like copper to increase the corrosion resistance of products [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of tool-related parameters during fabrication of dissimilar AISI 1010 – CDA 101 joints by FSW

Sevvel,

Giridharan

2024

Scientia Iranica

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An experimental endeavor was made to determine suitable tool geometry and ideal values of travel speed, tilt angle, pin offset distance for fabricating 5mm thick dissimilar AISI 1010 and CDA 101 joints by FSW. 2 different sets of experiments were performed at constant 1200 rpm employing tools with distinct geometries and varying combinations of tool-related parameters. Reports affirmed the attainment of flawless joints during 2 nd set of experimentation by employing a cylindrical shouldered tool (25 mm in diameter) having a cylindrically tapered pin at 1200 rpm, 40 mm/min travel speed, by tilting the tool at 2 0 , with its pin being inserted a 1.5 mm offset distance towards CDA 101 plate. Downward axial force of 7.214 kN was found to be ideal for joining these dissimilar metals and it was majorly influenced by the tool's travel speed and pin's offset distance. Presence of different sized Cu particles in AISI matrix, have led to the creation of brittle natured and large intermetallic amalgamations in nugget zone, thereby reducing the strength of fabricated defect-free weldment & leading to a diversified combination of brittle-ductile mode of fracture exhibiting a strength of 181 MPa

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“…Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a high-performance welding process that has been used globally for over one hundred years. Due to the process stability, reproducibility, high achievable deposition rate and the metallurgical purity of the weld metal, it is mainly used in tank construction, shipbuilding, steel construction and in the manufacturing of foundations and steel towers for wind turbines and pipelines [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the arc temperature in submerged arc welding using the Bartels method

Goett¹,

Gericke²,

Henkel³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Never before has an optical method been used to determine the arc temperature inside a submerged arc welding cavern with frequencies up to 5 kHz. To be able to do that, a combination of high-speed imaging and spatially resolved high-speed spectroscopy with up to 5000 fps has been performed. A DCEP (direct current electrode positive) process with 600, 800, 900 and 1000 A, and an AC (alternating current) process at 800 A were included in this research. The Bartels method has been used to calculate these temperatures for the first time. It generated temperatures from approximately 7000–9000 K. Also, it was found that a decrease of arc temperature for rising currents appeared until 900 A. After that, it is reversed for currents higher than 900 A.

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Economical joining of tubular steel towers for wind turbines employing non-vacuum electron beam welding for high-strength steels in comparison with submerged arc welding

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Electron Beam Welded Joints of High Strength S960QL and Weldox 1300 Steel Grades

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Electron Beam Welded Joints of High Strength S960QL and Weldox 1300 Steel Grades

Impact of tool-related parameters during fabrication of dissimilar AISI 1010 – CDA 101 joints by FSW

Determining the arc temperature in submerged arc welding using the Bartels method

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