Economic Drivers of Legume Production: Approached via Opportunity Costs and Transaction Costs

Jouan, Julia; Ridier, Aude; Carof, Matthieu

doi:10.3390/su11030705

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For the economic analysis, all values of services and inputs used in each crop rotation system were considered, as well as the return on capital invested in expenses and land, which are indicators for the analysis of opportunity cost. Therefore, opportunity cost is based on the expression of the basic relationship between scarcity and choice (Jouan, Ridier, & Carof, 2019). According to Kay, Edwards and Duffy (2014), the opportunity cost can be defined in two ways: (i) the income that could have been obtained by selling or renting the input to another person or (ii) the additional income that the producer would have received if the input had been used in its most profitable alternative use, such as leasing the land or capital.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and profitability of crop rotation systems in southern Brazil

Canalli

Costa

Volsi

et al. 2020

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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Crop rotation is one of the pillars of conservation agriculture. This practice has offered a series of advantages in terms of improving soil physical, chemical, and biological conditions. These advantages result in yield increases for all economic crops involved in the rotation systems and may also reduce production costs. In this context, the aim of this study was to compare the profitability of crop rotation systems with different levels of crop diversification. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replications. The treatments included one less diversified crop rotation system (control) with soybean and wheat and four more diversified crop rotation systems (involving three or more species), including soybean, wheat, black oats, maize, canola, barley, blue lupine, white oats, beans, radish, triticale, rye, hairy vetch, and sorghum, under no-tillage conducted during a three-year cycle. Analyses were conducted considering productivity, operating cost, and economic profit. The highest accumulated gross yields were obtained in the more diversified crop rotation systems. The results show that the more diversified crop rotation systems were more profitable. When the opportunity cost was included, the most diversified crop rotations presented greater economic feasibility. The less diversified crop rotation system presented a negative economic profit. The crop rotation systems including beans presented the highest economic profit.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and profitability of crop rotation systems in southern Brazil

Canalli

Costa

Volsi

et al. 2020

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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“…First of all, in scientific discourse, the problem of units for measuring transaction costs, the possibility of their expression in the monetary value (e.g., hourly wages) or as opportunity costs remains unresolved. In order to assess transaction costs, some researchers have identified their contents with opportunity costs (see e.g., Bigelow et al 2019;Jouan et al 2019). Other methodological problems include transaction costs, such as loss of reputation, loss of trust in a supplier, and others that are difficult to express in monetary terms (see e.g., Meinlschmidt et al 2018;Pesch and Ishmaev 2019).…”

Section: Transaction Costs Of Actors Of Reorganized Universitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leadership and Effective Institutional Economics Design in the Context of Education Reforms

et al. 2020

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Nowadays, the most typical reforms in higher education are conducted through the reorganization of universities either in the form of a merger, acquisition, or new status attainment. As a result, universities which educate local leaders for their respective national economies and have a profound impact on the regional economic development, as well as the composition of the labor market and intellectual potential, often encounter negative economic outcomes. The reforms that are imposed by the policymakers “from above” often hamper the development of universities and prevent them from fulfilling their roles described above. The process of reforming higher education in Russia is in many ways similar to the changes in the higher education systems of other European countries, in particular in post-Communist transition economies. Firstly, this process went through the integration into the global market of educational services. Secondly, it proceeded with the rethinking of the role of the university as a self-sustainable business organization. Thirdly, it was concluded by an increase in the demand and accessibility of education using the advancements offered by the digital technologies. Our paper argues that focused and well-balanced economic institutional design might be required for the sustainable development of reorganized leading universities. The project perspective implies that it is necessary to develop an institutional design in relation to what the organization seeks to achieve (either as its regulator or reformer) and how it intends to achieve these goals. In connection with the foregoing, we propose the following principles of designing effective institutions for the sustainable development of reorganized universities: (i) preservation of education as a “mixed” good (i.e., one that has the features of both public and private goods); (ii) transparency of decision making; (iii) complementarity of institutional change; and last but not least (iv) reduction in transaction costs.

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“…We address diversification at a regional level via introduction and scaling of additional crops in a region; these may be entirely novel crops, or new to the region. There are many barriers to such diversification (Lockeretz, 1988;Meynard et al, 2017Meynard et al, , 2018Jouan et al, 2019;Stefani et al, 2020;Mortensen and Smith, 2020). The fundamental conundrum is that, absent markets, farmers will not grow such novel crops, while without supply from farmers, market demand is unlikely to develop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A polycentric network strategy for regional diversification of agriculture: theory and implementation

Jordan

Wilson

Noble³

et al. 2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Widespread and substantial diversification of current agroecosystems appears fundamental to meeting many grand challenges in agriculture. Despite urgent calls for diversification on regional scales, particularly in regions dominated by industrialized, low-diversity agriculture, strategies for diversification on such scales are in early stages of development, conceptually and practically. We outline such a strategy, and its implementation by the Forever Green Partnership, a public-private-NGO coalition in support of agricultural diversification in the U.S. Midwest region. Our strategy supports introduction and scaling of multiple novel crops in a region, which requires development of many interdependent supporting elements, including supportive markets, infrastructure, policy, finance, and R&D. The core of our strategy is development of sustainable supply chains (SSCs) for a set of novel crops. We define SSCs as rudimentary systems of these supporting elements for novel crops, linking on-farm crop production to end-use markets while advancing economic, environmental, and social sustainability criteria that are demanded by stakeholders. SSCs provide a scaffold upon which fully-developed support systems for multiple novel crops can be constructed, thus driving regional diversification. SSCs cannot be “built in a day”; rather they must evolve as production of novel crops expands over time and space, and as new challenges and opportunities emerge. Therefore, regional diversification requires a system to sustain this evolutionary process across time and multiple novel crops. We posit that an effective system can be built from two crucial elements: a process of conscious and concerted cultural evolution, and a polycentric network that organizes and supports that process. We outline this system and its conceptual basis, and its implementation by the Forever Green Partnership, and associated challenges and accomplishments. Three years after its inception, the Partnership has attracted substantial resources, developed a polycentric network, and some elements of the cultural-evolution process are in place. However, node development is uneven across the network, hindering its operation. In addition to advancing strategies for regional-scale diversification, the Partnership is seeking to advance conceptual and practical understanding of sustainability transitions in agriculture, and to explore the potential value of conscious cultural evolution in such transitions.

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Economic Drivers of Legume Production: Approached via Opportunity Costs and Transaction Costs

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Production and profitability of crop rotation systems in southern Brazil

Production and profitability of crop rotation systems in southern Brazil

Leadership and Effective Institutional Economics Design in the Context of Education Reforms

A polycentric network strategy for regional diversification of agriculture: theory and implementation

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