Ecomorfologia de locomoção de peixes com enfoque para espécies neotropicais

Breda, Luciani; Oliveira, Edson Fontes de; Goulart, Erivelto

doi:10.4025/actascibiolsci.v27i4.1271

Cited by 43 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…This raises the question of whether fish assemblages with low richness would really show the main ecomorphotypes associated with the use of food resources (Gatz, 1979;Winemiller, 1991;Breda et al, 2005;Oliveira et al, 2010). However, the fish assemblage of Jumelo stream included the main ecomorphotypes (benthic, nektonic and nektobenthic) that are found in other aquatic ecosystems with higher species richness (Casatti & Castro, 2006;Cochran-Biederman & Winemiller, 2010;Mazzoni et al, 2010;Oliveira et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and ecomorphological relationships of an endemic, species-poor fish assemblage in a stream in the Iguaçu National Park

Neves¹,

Delariva

Wolff

2015

Neotrop. ichthyol.

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This study investigated the morphological and dietary relationships of the fish assemblage in a stream with an endemic fauna and low species richness. The ichthyofauna was sampled quarterly from September 2011 to July 2012, through the electrofishing technique. The stomach contents of 419 individuals belonging to seven species were analyzed by the volumetric method, and the ecomorphological traits of 30 specimens of each species were estimated. The main food items consumed were detritus, aquatic and terrestrial insects, and other aquatic invertebrates. We observed low levels of trophic niche breadth and diet overlap between most species. The PCA scores indicated the occurrence of three ecomorphotypes. PCA axis 1 segregated at one extreme, species with dorsoventrally depressed bodies, longer caudal peduncles, and welldeveloped swimming fins; and at the other extreme, species with compressed bodies and peduncles, and relatively larger eyes and anal fins. PCA axis 2 segregated species with elongated bodies and ventrally oblique mouths. The partial Mantel test revealed a significant correlation between diet and morphology, indicating independence from the phylogeny. The patterns observed suggest that the low richness did not result in a broadening of the species' trophic niches, or in the absence of some of the main ecomorphotypes expected.Este estudo teve como objetivos investigar as relações morfológicas e alimentares de uma assembleia de peixes com fauna endêmica e de baixa riqueza de espécies. Os peixes foram amostrados trimestralmente entre setembro de 2011 a julho de 2012, através da técnica da pesca elétrica. Foram obtidas as medidas morfométricas que possibilitaram os cálculos dos índices ecomorfológicos e analisados os conteúdos estomacais de 419 indivíduos, pertencentes a sete espécies, através do método volumétrico. Os principais itens alimentares consumidos pela assembleia de peixes foram detrito, insetos aquáticos e terrestres e outros invertebrados aquáticos. Observou-se baixos valores de amplitude de nicho trófico e de sobreposição alimentar entre a maioria das espécies. Os escores da PCA, indicaram a ocorrência de três ecomorfotipos. O eixo CP1 segregou em um extremo espécies com corpo deprimido dorso-ventralmente, pedúnculo caudal longo e as nadadeiras desenvolvidas, enquanto no outro extremo, espécies com corpos e pedúnculos comprimidos, área dos olhos e das nadadeiras anais relativamente maiores. Por outro lado, o eixo CP2 segregou espécies com corpos mais alongados, bocas ventralmente oblíquas. Através do Teste de Mantel verificou-se relação significativa entre a dieta e a morfologia. Assim, os principais padrões tróficos e ecomorfológicos verificados sugerem que a baixa riqueza, não repercutiu no alargamento do nicho trófico das espécies ou na inexistência de algum dos principais grupos ecomorfológicos.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and ecomorphological relationships of an endemic, species-poor fish assemblage in a stream in the Iguaçu National Park

Neves¹,

Delariva

Wolff

2015

Neotrop. ichthyol.

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“…Studies using indices were performed by other authors (Gatz, 1979;Watson & Balon, 1984;Montaña & Winemiller, 2010;Sampaio et al, 2013). Higher values indicate lateral compression of the fish, expected for fish that exploit habitats with slower water velocity (Gatz, 1979;Watson & Balon, 1984 Lower values indicate species with depressed bodies, expected for fish that exploit habitats with rapid water velocity (Watson & Balon, 1984;Oliveira, 2005) 3. Relative length of the caudal peduncle RLPd = CPdL/SL CPdL -caudal peduncle length SL -standard length Long caudal peduncle is associated with fish living in places with rapid water flow, owing the need for propulsion at short distances (Watson & Balon, 1984;Oliveira et al, 2010 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecomorphology and use of food resources: inter- and intraspecific relationships of fish fauna associated with macrophyte stands

2016

Self Cite

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Based on the form-function interaction and its consequence to niche exploitation by fish species, the study aimed to identify ecomorphological patterns and to investigate the possibility of explaining the trophic niche breadth using the pattern of intraspecific ecomorphological diversity. We tested the following hypotheses: i) the morphology explains variations in diet among fish species; ii) the intraspecific ecomorphological diversity is related to the breadth of the trophic niche explored by the species, so that species that feed on a wider range of resources have greater variation in body shape compared to those specialized in resource consumption. Fish were collected in stands of the aquatic macrophytes Eichhornia azurea and Eichhornia crassipes in lentic environments of the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Two major trends were observed in the morphological space: fish with body shapes adapted to explore the substrate and others with a design that facilitates the capture of food items in more structured habitats. The relationship of diet with body shape was confirmed by significant relationships between matrices of trophic and morphological distances, providing evidence that morphology is related to interspecific variations in the use of trophic resources. However, the ranges of morphological and intraspecific trophic variations were not significantly related, rejecting the second hypothesis about the relationship between intraspecific ecomorphological diversity and trophic niche breadth. The morphological characteristics often have multiple ecological roles, which could result in trade-off among these functions. Thus, fish with highly specialized morphology may show specialist feeding or even generalist habit, because in this case some resources may be difficult to exploit, even by a specialist. Species with low and high morphological diversity demonstrated narrow trophic niche and the availability of resources may have been essential for consumption. Therefore, species morphology is related to the use of food resources and ecomorphology can be considered an important tool for the prediction of the exploited niche space by species in assemblages. However it is not possible to predict if species with greater intraspecific morphological diversification indeed have wider niche, since the abundance or scarcity of the available food resources may interfere with trophic niche breadth.Baseado na interação entre forma e função e suas consequências para exploração do nicho pelas espécies, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar padrões de variação ecomorfológica e investigar se a amplitude de nicho trófico pode ser explicada pelo padrão de diversificação ecomorfológica intraespecífica. Assim, testaram-se as hipóteses: i) a morfologia explica as variações na dieta entre as espécies de peixes ii) a diversificação morfológica intraespecífica está relacionada com a amplitude do nicho trófico explorado pelas espécies, de modo que, espécies que se alimentam de maior variedade de recursos apresentam maior variação ...

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“…characterized by the maximum height located at the anterior region of the body; the slender caudal peduncle and high caudal fin soften the opposite forces to the movement (Lagler et al 1977, Breda et al 2005. Thus, species from group III may have a higher swimming performance in relation to other species studied, as observed by the values of fineness ratio.…”

Section: Mesuresmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Morphological and morphometric variations in the fish body structure can lead to functional differences in the performance and locomotion (Breda et al 2005, Motta & Wilga 1995, Wainwright et al 2002. The swimming performance depends on a species' morphological characteristics (Lighthill 1969) so many fish morphological characteristics are important to define it, especially those related to production of thrust and drag force as body shape, height of caudal peduncle, length of caudal fin (Webb & Weihs 1986) and fineness ratio (Bainbridge 1960, Landweber 1961, Blake 1983.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological differentiation among migratory fish species from the Paraná River basin

Assumpção

Makrakis

et al. 2012

Biota Neotrop.

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This study characterized the morphological differences among migratory fish species from the Paraná River Basin. A total of 177 adult fish of Leporinus elongatus, Leporinus macrocephalus, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, Pimelodus maculatus, Pinirampus pirinampu, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, Pterodoras granulosus, and Rhaphiodon vulpinus were sampled in the Canal da Piracema, a fish passage system at Itaipu Dam, Paraná River. The migratory species were analyzed through 22 morphometric measurements and fineness ratio to identify morphological patterns related to swimming performance. Four species groups were indicated by the Cluster analysis: I) R. vulpinus; II) P. corruscans; III) L. macrocephalus, L. elongatus, P. lineatus, P. maculatus, and S. brasiliensis -measurements of head height and anal fin length formed this group; and IV) P. granulosus and P. pirinampu -measurements of maximum body width and caudal peduncle width contributed to form this group. The morphometric variables that most contributed to the distinction were head length and mouth width for groups I and II. The species R. vulpinus and P. granulosus differed from other species, showing fineness ratios of 9.4 and 3.7, respectively. Leporinus elongatus, L. macrocephalus, P. lineatus, P. maculatus, and S. brasiliensis showed significant differences from other species, with ratios ranging from 4.57 to 5.19, indicating that these species may be better swimmers. Long-distance migratory species using the Piracema Canal to ascend upstream areas differed morphologically, morphological characteristics such as a narrow caudal peduncle and maximum body length, besides to the values of the fineness ratio, were essential to differentiate the migratory species. Keywords: morphology, swimming performance, fineness ratio, migratory fish. ASSUMPÇÃO, L., MAKRAKIS, M.C., MAKRAKIS, S., PIANA, P.A., SILVA, P.S., LIMA, A.F. & FERNANDEZ, D.R. Diferenciação morfológica entre espécies de peixes migradores da bacia do Rio Paraná. Biota Neotrop. 12(4): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v12n4/pt/abstract?article+bn00512042012Resumo: Este estudo caracterizou as diferenças morfológicas entre espécies de peixes migradores da bacia do rio Paraná. Um total de 117 peixes adultos das espécies Leporinus elongatus, Leporinus macrocephalus, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, Pimelodus maculatus, Pinirampus pirinampu, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, Pterodoras granulosus e Rhaphiodon vulpinus foram capturados no Canal da Piracema, um sistema de transposição para peixes na barragem de Itaipu, rio Paraná. As espécies migradoras foram analisadas através de 22 medidas morfométricas e razão fineza para identificar padrões morfológicos relacionados à capacidade natatória. Quatro grupos de espécies foram evidenciados pela Análise de Cluster: I) R. vulpinus; II) P. corruscans; III) L. macrocephalus, L. elongatus, P. lineatus, P. maculatus e S. brasiliensis, medidas de altura de cabeça e comprimento da nadadeira anal formaram este grupo; e IV) P. granulosus e P. pi...

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Ecomorfologia de locomoção de peixes com enfoque para espécies neotropicais

Cited by 43 publications

References 3 publications

Diet and ecomorphological relationships of an endemic, species-poor fish assemblage in a stream in the Iguaçu National Park

Diet and ecomorphological relationships of an endemic, species-poor fish assemblage in a stream in the Iguaçu National Park

Ecomorphology and use of food resources: inter- and intraspecific relationships of fish fauna associated with macrophyte stands

Morphological differentiation among migratory fish species from the Paraná River basin

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