Ecological restoration of degraded ecosystems in India: Science and practices

Singh, Kripal; Byun, Chaeho; Bux, Faizal

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106708

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, out of these methods, the biological method was found to be more economical, sustainable, and evident 47 . Studies 48 , 49 have shown that fast-growing plant species can be selected to restructure a community invaded by a weed. In order to lessen Lantana 's invasiveness by introducing native species and mechanical eradication, researchers 35 , 50 concentrated on conceptualizing an appropriate crop competitive approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region

Kumar,

Singh,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Invasive plant species are considered one of the significant drivers of habitat loss, leading to biodiversity loss. They have also been observed to alter the local ecology, resulting in a decline of native flora. The management of invasive species is widely recognised as one of the most severe challenges to biodiversity conservation. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) considers Lantana camara, as one of the ten worst weeds. Over time, native and indigenous species may evolve to co-exist or compete with invasive species, reducing invader fitness. It is observed that species competition fluctuates throughout environmental gradients, life phases, and abundances. Hence, competition outcome is very context-dependent. To address this challenge, we conducted a comprehensive study in three phases: we identified native species coexisting with Lantana in their natural habitats in the Doon Valley (Phase I) and documented the phenotypic traits of selected coexisting species using the Landmark BBCH (Biologische Bun-desantalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) scale, revealing the phenological growth patterns of selected co-existing species (Phase II). This was followed by conducting pot (Phase IIIa) and field (Phase IIIb) experiments to study the interactions between them. Notably, Justicia adhatoda, Broussonetia papyrifera, Pongamia pinnata, Urtica dioica and Bauhinia variegata demonstrated promising results in both pot and field conditions. Furthermore, after the mechanical removal of Lantana and prior to the plantation in the field experiments, four native grass species were introduced using the seed ball method. Among these, Pennisetum pedicellatum and Sorghum halpense exhibited prompt regeneration and effectively colonised the field, densely covering the cleared area. The study provides a comprehensive management plan for the restoration of Lantana affected areas through competition using native species. This study utilizes phenological assessment for native plant selection using reclamation from native grasses and proposes a management plan for combating invasive Lantana.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region

Kumar,

Singh,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…The management of ecosystems under disaster risk pressure has become an increasingly pressing issue [48,49]. Effective maintenance of existing healthy ecosystems and comprehensive management and restoration of degraded ecosystems have become critical issues that require urgent attention [50,51]. In this study, we developed a quantitative analytical framework to assess regional ecological security based on the causal logic between geological hazard disturbances and ecosystems.…”

Section: Advantages Of the Technical Framework Proposed In This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating the Results of Geological Disaster Ecological Risk Assessment into Spatial Policies for Ecological Functional Areas: Practice in the Qilian Mountains of China

Long,

Xiang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Geological hazards cause changes in the quality of the ecological environment, affect the function and stability of ecosystems, and negatively impact the maintenance and restoration of ecological functions in ecological functional areas (EFAs). This study integrates machine learning, geographic information technology, and multivariate statistical analysis modeling to develop a technical framework for quantitative analysis of ecological risk assessment (ERA) based on the causal logic between geological hazards and ecosystems. The results of the geological disaster ERA are mapped to EFAs, effectively identifying and quantifying the risk characteristics of different EFAs. The results show that: (1) The hazard–vulnerability–exposure ERA framework effectively identifies the distribution characteristics of high ecological risk around the Qilian Mountains, with high risk in the east and low risk in the west. (2) In high ecological risk areas, high hazard–high vulnerability–low exposure is the main combination pattern, accounting for 83.3%. (3) Overall, hazard and vulnerability have a greater impact on geological disaster ecological risk than exposure, with path coefficients of 0.802 (significant at p = 0.01 level) and 0.438 (significant at p = 0.05 level), respectively, in SEM. The random forest model (R2 = 0.748) shows that social factors such as human density and road density contribute significantly more to extreme high risk than other factors, with a contribution rate of up to 44%. (4) Thirty-five ecological functional units were systematically grouped into four clusters and used to formulate a “layered” spatial policy for EFAs. The results of the research are expected to provide support for maximizing the policy impact of EFAs and formulating management decisions that serve ecological protection.

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“…The local school principal's proposal for forest rehabilitation, endorsing the planting of trees such as Chilaune and Dhangero, aligns with ecological experts' recommendations. Studies by Sharma et al [58] support afforestation with indigenous species, proving effective in restoring degraded ecosystems and enhancing biodiversity.…”

Section: Closure Of Tamakoshi Forest Products Limitedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifting Tides: Unraveling the Sociological Fabric of Climate Change

Shrestha,

Krishna Shrestha

2024

Environmental Sciences

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This study shifts its focus from the predominant biophysical perspective of climate change (CC) to a sociological lens, particularly in the context of the Ramechhap district, Nepal. It delves into the local perceptions of CC and emphasizes its sociological impact on livelihoods. Employing a constructivist theory and the complex human—environment systems, the research extensively explores institutional, structural, and societal pathways of adaptation. The study employs a qualitative data, utilizing purposive sampling and ethnographic methods such as observation, case studies, KIIs, and FGDs. The findings underscore the challenges faced by farmers in the Ramechhap, particularly those dependent on forest, agriculture and livestock, due to the impacts of global warming. Issues such as increased drought, temperature fluctuations, altered monsoons, and other climate-induced changes emerge as disruptive factors affecting the agricultural system, rendering it vulnerable and less productive. To counteract these climate risks, farmers in the Ramechhap employ adaptive measures grounded in traditional and local knowledge concurrently integrating new technologies. Adjustments to crop varieties based on climate disturbances and the establishment of collective networks and social relations through the exchange of experiences are crucial strategies. The research contributes valuable sociological insights into the local dynamics of CC and proposes holistic CC policies.

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Ecological restoration of degraded ecosystems in India: Science and practices

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region

Investigating the phenology and interactions of competitive plant species co-occurring with invasive Lantana camara in Indian Himalayan Region

Incorporating the Results of Geological Disaster Ecological Risk Assessment into Spatial Policies for Ecological Functional Areas: Practice in the Qilian Mountains of China

Shifting Tides: Unraveling the Sociological Fabric of Climate Change

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